Name | 4MBC |
Synonyms | 4MBC Brillian-BL200 3-(4-METHYLBENZYLIDENE)-CAMPHOR |
CAS | 38102-62-4 |
EINECS | 1312995-182-4 |
Molecular Formula | C18H22O |
Molar Mass | 254.37 |
Abstract:
On 21 January 2009, the female minister of the ministry of health, youth, sports and social activities instructed the French Agency for Health Safety in Health Products (Afssaps) by letter to solve the problem of reproductive toxicity and/or endocrine disruptors caused by cosmetic raw materials. In this context, the French health safety agency for health products has identified several substances with reproductive toxicity and/or endocrine disruptors, including 4-methylbenzyl subunit camphor (4-MBC)(CAS:36861-47-9/381 02-62-4). 4-methylbenzyl subunit camphor is an ultraviolet filter that absorbs ultraviolet (UV) UVB rays and is listed in Annex VII, Part VII, entry 12 of cosmetic specification directive 768/CE. The directive establishes a list of permitted UV filters in cosmetics and thus can be used as UV filters in cosmetics at a maximum concentration of 4%. During the period from 1996 to 2008, the European Union consumer science committee issued its opinion on several occasions. In addition, Schlumps et al. published an article (2001) claiming that the 4-methylbenzyl subunit camphor is an endocrine disruptor.
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DOI:
CNKI:SUN:ZHZP.0.2013-10-016
year:
2013
Abstract:
UV filters are widely used in Personal care products (PCPs), such as sunscreens, shampoos, perfumes, hair sprays, it is used to protect the skin from ultraviolet rays. There are 28 kinds of UV absorbers allowed to be added in cosmetics in China, including 26 kinds of organic UV absorbers. In recent years, as people pay more attention to the skin problems caused by ultraviolet radiation, the demand for skin care products such as sunscreen is huge, and the production and use of UV absorbers are also increasing rapidly. With the increase of daily use, organic UV absorbers continue to enter the environment and become a new class of pollutants. 4-methylbenzyl subunit camphor (4-MBC) is a UVB absorber, which is widely used because of its high photostability and high absorption efficiency. At present, the removal efficiency of 4-MBC in sewage treatment plants is only 38%-77%, and 4-MBC enters the water environment through the wastewater discharged from sewage treatment plants, which eventually leads to its high concentration in offshore seawater. Because of its high lipophilicity, 4-MBC in water is easily enriched in sediment and organisms. Therefore, higher concentrations of 4-MBC can be detected not only in water, but also in sediment and organisms. In order to explore the impact of 4-MBC on marine organisms, this study selected marine copepods, the Japanese virulent Daphnia, as the test organism, as an ideal model organism for toxicity testing, Daphnia magna has been widely used in the study of coastal marine Ecotoxicology. Explored through acute and chronic exposure experiments Effects of 4-MBC on its survival, development and reproduction. In acute toxicity experiments, M. Japonica adult cells were exposed to different concentrations of 4-MBC for 72 hours, and their survival rates were recorded. In a multi-generation chronic exposure experiment, M. Japonica was exposed to 4-MBC at concentrations of 0,0.5,1,5,10 pgl-1 for 4 consecutive generations (FO-F3), after F3, a recovery generation culture without exposure solution was performed (F4,F5). Five observed indicators (survival rate, development time, maturation time, number of eggs laid in 10 days, hatching rate) were recorded for each generation. Furthermore, a preliminary study on the toxic mechanism of 4-MBC to Daphnia magna was carried out. Finally, the ecological risk of 4-MBC was assessed by experimental data. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1) the median lethal concentration (LC50) and the minimum effective concentration (LOEC) were obtained by 72 h acute exposure experiment. And the maximum no observed effect concentration (NOEC) were 92.9,10, and 10 μgL-1, respectively.(2) the survival rate of chronic exposure FO generation decreased with the increase of exposure concentration, and the survival rate was significantly lower than that of the control group at the concentration of 5 and 10 μg L-1, and the juvenile was more sensitive to 4-MBC than adult. However, there was no difference in survival rate between the F1-F3-generation treatment group and the control group.(3) in the F1-F2, exposure to 4-MBC reduced the hatchability of the Japanese mesib Daphnia; In the F2-F3, 4-MBC advanced the development time and maturation time of the Japanese mesib Daphnia, and has obvious dose effect relationship.(4) in the recovery of the two generations, the survival rate and hatching rate had no obvious effect, while the low concentration exposure of individuals in the recovery generation of the development time is still faster than the control group.(5) the exposure of 4-MBC increased the expression of ecdysone receptor (ECR), which may be one of the reasons for the development time. At the same time, 4-MBC caused oxidative stress to cells and initiated apoptosis program may also be an important cause of toxicity.(6) the preliminary risk assessment of 4-MBC is carried out by using the experimental data. It is found that 4-MBC has great potential risks and may pose a certain threat to the marine ecosystem.
Exhibition
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