Sublimat
Mercury(II) chloride
CAS: 7487-94-7
Molecular Formula: Cl2Hg
Sublimat - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Mercury(II) chloride |
| Synonyms | Sulem TL 898 Sulema Sublimat sublimat(czech) quecksilberchlorid Quecksilber chlorid MERCURIC BICHLORIDE Mercury(II) chloride |
| CAS | 7487-94-7 |
| EINECS | 231-299-8 |
| InChI | InChI=1/2ClH.Hg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 |
Sublimat - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Cl2Hg |
| Molar Mass | 271.5 |
| Density | 5.44 |
| Melting Point | 277°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 302 °C |
| Flash Point | 302°C |
| Water Solubility | 7.4 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | H2O: soluble |
| Vapor Presure | 1.3 mm Hg ( 236 °C) |
| Appearance | powder |
| Specific Gravity | 5.44 |
| Color | White |
| Merck | 14,5876 |
| Storage Condition | Store at RT. |
| Stability | Stability Stable, but moisture sensitive and light sensitive - decomposes in sunlight. Incompatible with strong acids, ammonia, carbonates, metallic salts, alkalies, phosphites, phosphates, sulfites, |
| Refractive Index | 1.859 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless orthorhombic crystal or white powder. Relative density 5.44(25 degrees C). Melting point 276 °c. Boiling point 302 °c. Soluble in hot water; Also soluble in ethanol, ether, acetic acid, pyridine and other organic solvents; Slightly soluble in cold water; Difficult to dissolve in carbon disulfide. The aqueous solution of mercuric chloride hardly dissociates and decomposes to produce mercurous chloride, hydrogen chloride and oxygen when exposed to light or air. Mercury chloride is decomposed with water, and its aqueous solution is acidic. In the case of sodium hydroxide to generate yellow mercury oxychloride precipitation, and ammonia to generate white amino mercury chloride precipitation, reaction with excess ammonia to generate complex [Hg(NH3)4]C12 extremely toxic! |
Sublimat - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R28 - Very Toxic if swallowed R34 - Causes burns R48/24/25 - R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R48/21/22 - R25 - Toxic if swallowed R68 - Possible risk of irreversible effects R62 - Possible risk of impaired fertility R27 - Very Toxic in contact with skin R24/25 - |
| Safety Description | S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. |
| UN IDs | UN 1624 6.1/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | OV9100000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
Sublimat - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless crystals or white particles or powders. Melting point 277 °c; Boiling point 302 °c; D5.4. 19 The product was dissolved in 13.5 ml of water, 2.1 ml of boiling water, 3.8ml of ethanol, 1.6 ml of boiling ethanol, 22ml of ether, 200ml of benzene, 12mL of glycerol and 40ml of acetic acid. Soluble in methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, slightly soluble in carbon disulfide, pyridine. There is a small amount of volatilization at room temperature. Mercury chloride, hydrogen chloride and oxygen are gradually decomposed when exposed to light or air. The aqueous solution of mercuric chloride is acidic. The reaction with the alkali metal can occur vigorously.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Sublimat - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
Mercury was pickled with nitric acid and filtered into a reactor, and reacted with dried chlorine gas to obtain mercury chloride gas, which was cooled to obtain mercury chloride.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:02:26
Sublimat - Use
Open Data Verified Data
for iron Capacity Analysis, arsenic, tin trace analysis, is a catalyst for organic synthesis, preservatives, disinfectants.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:02:27
Sublimat - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
hyperdrug l oral LDso: 1 mg/kg in rats; Percutaneous LDso:4LMG/kg in rats; Inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with the substance can cause a delayed reaction. Staff should be well protected, such as accidentally touch the skin or eyes, should immediately rinse thoroughly with flowing water. Stored in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. Protection from direct sunlight. Avoid light. Keep the container sealed. Should be stored separately from edible chemical raw materials, acids, etc.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:02:27
Sublimat - Reference Information
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | grams dissolved per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 3.63g/0 ℃;4.82g/10 ℃;6.57g/20 ℃;8.34g/30 ℃;10.2g/40 ℃; 16.3g/60 ℃;30g/80 ℃;61.3g/100 ℃ |
| toxicity | mercuric chloride is highly toxic drug. Long-term mercury vapor content in the air exceeds the allowable range of environmental work, can cause chronic poisoning, memory loss, eosinophilia, fatigue, Fatigue, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, dizziness and so on Mental Disorder. Fingers and tongue tremor occurred in the heavier cases. After poisoning to gastric lavage, in addition to drinking milk, eggs, 1,2-dithioglycerol is a better antidote. The maximum allowable concentration is 0.1 mg/m3. Production operators should wear work clothes, wearing respirators or gas masks, latex gloves and other labor protection articles to protect the organs and skin of the respirator, and take a shower after work. Production equipment should be closed and the workshop should be well ventilated. Patients with chronic poisoning should be transferred from work and given a nutritious diet. Sweating therapy was performed. |
| purpose | raw materials for the manufacture of mercurous chloride and other mercury salts. Used as a dry cell depolarization agent, the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride catalyst. The pharmaceutical industry is used as a preservative. Wood preservatives. Also used in pesticides, coatings, plate making, metallurgy and dyeing mordant. used as analytical reagent, organic synthesis catalyst, antiseptic and disinfectant used as catalyst for vinyl chloride synthesis, etc. |
| production method | chlorination method Mercury is first pickled with nitric acid, filtered, and then added to the reactor, after reaction with the dried chlorine gas, the chlorine gas must be preheated, and the ratio of the theoretical amount is more than 70% ~ 80%. The mercury chloride gas generated by the reaction is formed into crystals through a ceramic cooling tower, settled to the bottom of the tower, and discharged from the discharge port to prepare a finished mercury chloride product. The chlorine gas and mercury vapor in excess of Hg + Cl2 → HgCl2 are separated by a cyclone separator, and then absorbed by alkali solution to obtain a by-product sodium hypochlorite liquid. |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity grade | highly toxic |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 1 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 6 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | Skin-rabbits 500 mg/24 h severe; eye-rabbit 0.05 mg/24 h severe |
| flammability hazard characteristics | non-combustible material; Toxic mercury vapor |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low-temperature drying; Separate from food storage and transportation |
| extinguishing agent | depending on the surrounding chemicals |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 0.05 mg (Mercury)/m3; Tel 0.15 mg (Mercury)/M3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-09-05 07:27:27
