Molecular Formula | C11H14N4O2
|
Molar Mass | 234.25 |
Density | 1.41±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted) |
Melting Point | 162-164 °C |
Boling Point | 659.3±48.0 °C(Predicted) |
pKa | 12.73±0.40(Predicted) |
Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
Use | Cyclo(His-Pro) is a cyclic dipeptide structurally related to proinflammatory releasing hormone. |
In vitro study | cyclo(his-pro) (Cyclo(histidyl-proline); 50 μM; 1-48 hours) increases the nuclear level of Nrf2 and inhibits NF-κB nuclear translocation. Cyclo(His-Pro) alone has no effect on nuclear translocation of these transcription factors. cyclo(his-pro) (50 μM; prior to PQ exposure for 48 hours) abolishes protein nitration that followed paraquat (PQ) exposure and lessenes its functional consequences, as shown by decrease in cell apoptosis, detected by caspase 3 activity and by cytochrome c release. Cyclo(his-pro) inhibits NF-κB nuclear accumulation induced by paraquat in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells via the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway. Western Blot Analysis Cell Line: PC12 cells Concentration: 50 μM Incubation Time: 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48 hours Result: Increased the nuclear level of Nrf2 and inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation. |
In vivo study | Cyclo(his-pro) (Cyclo(histidyl-proline); 1.8 mg/ear; topical application on the right ear; 30 min prior to TPA) reduces TPA-induced ear oedema confirming that it can exert anti-inflammatory effect. Cyclo(his-pro) exerts in vivo anti-inflammatory effects in the central nervous system by down-regulating hepatic and cerebral TNFα expression thereby counteracting LPS-induced gliosis. Moreover, by up-regulating Bip, Cyclo(his-pro) increases the ER stress sensitivity andtriggers the unfolded protein response to alleviate the ER stress. Animal Model: Sixty two/three month-old male C57BL/6 mice (25-30 g) Dosage: 1.8 mg/ear Administration: Topical application on the right ear; 30 min prior to TPA Result: Reduced TPA-induced ear oedema. |