terbium
Terbium
CAS: 7440-27-9;110424-82-3
Molecular Formula: Tb
terbium - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Terbium |
| Synonyms | Terbium Terbiumpowder TERBIUM, LUMP Terbium, Chips Terbium, Powder 40 Mesh |
| CAS | 7440-27-9 110424-82-3 |
| EINECS | 231-137-6 |
| InChI | InChI=1/Tb |
terbium - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Tb |
| Molar Mass | 158.93 |
| Density | 8.234 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | 1356 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 3230 °C (lit.) |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble in water. |
| Appearance | powder |
| Specific Gravity | 8.234 |
| Color | Silver-gray |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 2 ppm; STEL 4 ppmOSHA: TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3)NIOSH: IDLH 25 ppm; TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3); STEL 4 ppm(10 mg/m3) |
| Merck | 13,9232 |
| Storage Condition | Sealed argon filled storage |
| Stability | Stable, but moisture sensitive. Reacts with halogens, strong acids. The powder is highly flammable. |
| Sensitive | Air & Moisture Sensitive |
| MDL | MFCD00011256 |
| Use | Used in the manufacture of giant magnetostrictive alloys, optical magnetic recording materials and non-ferrous alloy additives. Used as phosphor activator and laser equipment. |
terbium - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R11 - Highly Flammable R34 - Causes burns R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. |
| Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. S27 - Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| UN IDs | UN 3089 4.1/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28053013 |
| Hazard Class | 8 |
| Packing Group | III |
terbium - Introduction
Needle-like crystal or lumpy, silver-gray metallic luster, silver-gray, metallic luster, gradually oxidized in the air.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:28:19
terbium - Reference Information
| resistivity | 116 ***-CM, 20°C |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | terbium is a member of the lanthanide or "rare earth" group. Terbium is a silver metal similar to aluminum and feels like lead, but it is much heavier than both elements. More importantly, it is located in the yttrium subgroup of rare earth elements (lanthanides) and also has corrosion resistance properties. It is found in silicates, gabbros and other minerals and other rare earths. Among all 17 rare earth elements of lanthanides, the content of terbium ranks 14th. terbium is rarely used, but it can be used as an activator of green phosphorus in television tubes, and some of its compounds can also be used to generate lasers. It is also used to "Dope" (coat) certain forms of solid-state instruments as stabilizers in fuel cells so that they can operate at high temperatures. |
| physical properties | There are two crystal variants (α and β) of Terbium with a transition temperature of 1289°C. Terbium is quite stable in air. It is a silver-gray metal that is ductile, ductile, and soft enough to cut with a knife. It is recognized that there are 42 isotopes and isomers, the oxide of which is chocolate or dark chestnut. |
| Discovery History | discovered by C.G.Mosander in 1843. Originally named erbium oxide, was officially named terbium in 1877. In 1905, it was purified from G.Urbain for the first time. Named after Ytterby in the village of Sweden. In 1843, Karl G.Mosander in Sweden found the terbium element through the study of yttrium Earth. The application of terbium is mostly related to the field of high technology, which is a technology-intensive and knowledge-intensive cutting-edge project, and a project with significant economic benefits. It has an attractive development prospect. In the same period as the discovery of lanthanum, Gandel analyzed the initial discovery of yttrium and published a report in 1842, which made it clear that the initial discovery of yttrium soil is not a single element oxide, but an oxide of three elements. He still called one of them yttrium Earth, one of which was named terbia (terbium Earth). The element symbol is designated as Tb. It is named for the same origin as yttrium, from the origin of the original yttrium ore found in the village of Ytterby, near Stockholm, Sweden). |
| Source | terbium is present in small amounts in cerium-phosphorus-thorium sand and silicon-beryllium-yttrium ore. Terbium and other rare earth elements coexist in monazite sand, the content of terbium is generally 0.03%. Other sources are phosphonium and amaurosis, both of which are mixtures of oxides containing up to 1% terbium. it coexists with other rare earth elements in monazite sand, and the content of terbium is 0.03%. Other sources are phosphonium and amaurosis, both of which are oxide mixtures containing up to 1% terbium. |
| Application | terbium is mainly used for fluorescent powder, especially the high intensity green emitter used in fluorescent lamps and projection television, such as yttrium aluminum garnet (Tb:YAG) varieties. terbium responds effectively to X-ray excitation and is therefore used as an X-ray phosphor. terbium compound has a long emission lifetime and is a useful biological probe. Terbium is also used in the production of alloys and electronic devices. As a component of rare earth magnetostrictive materials, terbium can be used in actuators, naval sonar systems, sensors, SoundBug devices (its first commercial application) and other magnetic mechanical devices. metal terbium is an important additive for Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet to increase Curie temperature and temperature coefficient. Another most promising distilled terbium metal, code 6563D, is used in Magnetostrictive alloy TEFENOL-D. Some special master alloys have other uses. The metal terbium can be further processed into ingots, sheets, wires, foils, plates, rods, sheets and powders of various shapes. |
| preparation | terbium can be separated from phosphonium ores (YPO4) and hematoxylin minerals, these mixtures include:(Y,Ca, er, La,Ce, Y,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti 2O6). as with other rare earths, terbium can be produced by reducing anhydrous chloride or fluoride with calcium metal in a tantalum crucible. Calcium and tantalum impurities can be removed by vacuum remelting. High purity metals can be prepared by a number of methods, such as vacuum remelting, distillation, amalgam formation, float zone melting and other chemical processes. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:04:16
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