o-Toluidine
o-Toluidine
CAS: 95-53-4
Molecular Formula: C7H9N
o-Toluidine - Names and Identifiers
o-Toluidine - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C7H9N |
| Molar Mass | 107.15 |
| Density | 1.008 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | -23 °C |
| Boling Point | 199-200°C(lit.) |
| Flash Point | 185°F |
| Water Solubility | 1.5 g/100 mL (25 ºC) |
| Solubility | 1.5 g/100 mL (25°C) |
| Vapor Presure | 0.26 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 3.7 (vs air) |
| Appearance | liquid |
| Color | light yellow to light amber |
| Odor | Aromatic, aniline-like. |
| Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA 2 ppm (～9 mg/m3) (ACGIH),5 ppm (～22 mg/m3) (MSHA, OSHA, andNIOSH); IDLH level 100 ppm (NIOSH);carcinogenicity: Suspected Human Carcino gen (ACGIH), Human Limited Evidence(IARC). |
| Merck | 14,9536 |
| BRN | 741981 |
| pKa | 4.44(at 25℃) |
| PH | 7.4 (H2O, 20℃)Aqueous solution |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Sensitive | Air & Light Sensitive |
| Explosive Limit | 1.5-7.5%(V) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.572(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Light yellow flammable liquid that turns red-brown when exposed to air and sunlight. |
| Use | For dyes, pesticides, pharmaceuticals and organic synthesis intermediates |
o-Toluidine - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R45 - May cause cancer R23/25 - Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. R36 - Irritating to the eyes R50 - Very Toxic to aquatic organisms R35 - Causes severe burns R20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R10 - Flammable R39/23/24/25 - R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R11 - Highly Flammable |
| Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S7 - Keep container tightly closed. |
| UN IDs | UN 2920 8/PG 1 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | XU2975000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 8-10-23 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29214300 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 0.94 g/kg (Smyth) |
o-Toluidine - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
a light yellow flammable liquid that turns reddish brown when exposed to air and sunlight. The relative density was 0. 9984. Melting Point -14.7 °c. Flash point 85. Boiling point 200.2 °c. Refractive index 5725. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ether. Can be volatilized with steam.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
o-Toluidine - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
- iron powder reduction method O-nitrotoluene is reduced with iron powder in ammonium chloride medium or in dilute acid. The reaction product is separated and rectified to obtain the finished product.
- hydrogen reduction method O-nitrotoluene and hydrogen are preheated to 260-280 ° C. In an electric induction heater, and the hydrogenation reaction is carried out in the presence of a copper catalyst to generate o-toluidine. After the reaction gas is condensed, the reaction gas is distilled to obtain a finished product.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:50:57
o-Toluidine - Application
Open Data Verified Data
The manufacture of jujube red base GBC, red base G, red base RL, phenol ASD, acid peach 3B, basic fuchsin and basic peach T and other intermediates, also for pesticides (such as chloramidine) and saccharin and other intermediates. It is also a raw material for the preparation of mineral dressing agent toluene arsenic acid.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
o-Toluidine - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
- This product is highly toxic. Its toxicity is basically the same as that of aniline. Inhalation of vapor or absorption through the skin will cause poisoning, the formation of methemoglobin, causing neurological disorders and cancer and so on. The maximum allowable concentration in the air of the workplace is 5mg/m3. Protection methods see aniline.
- packaged in iron drum. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse, no pyrotechnic. According to the provisions of the storage and transportation of toxic chemicals.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
o-Toluidine - Reference Information
| Aromatic amine compound | O-phenylamine (o-toluidine) is one of the aromatic amine compounds (aromatic amines are compounds composed of phenyl rings and amine groups). The methyl group is attached to different positions of the benzene ring, and its names are also different. There are isomers in these three positions. There are 3 isomers of toluidine, namely o-methylaniline, m-methylaniline and p-methylaniline. o-toluidine is the in-situ substitution product, and m-toluidine is the shift substitution product. O-toluidine, also known as "o-aminotoluene", is a colorless to light yellow liquid, which turns red-brown when exposed to air and light, and generates white precipitates when exposed to formaldehyde. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in dilute acid, alcohol, and ether. Relative density: 1.004(20 ℃); Melting point:-16.3 ℃ (β type),-24.4 ℃(α type); Boiling point: 199.7 ℃; Flash point: 85 ℃; Self-ignition point: 482.2 ℃; Steam density: 3.69. The vapor and air can form an explosive mixture, and the maximum allowable concentration in the air is 5ppm. When exposed to open flames, it can burn, and when exposed to high fever, it will emit toxic gases. The toxicity is similar to aniline. It is easy to form methemoglobin when entering the body, and neurological disorders and cyanosis occur. O-toluidine is an important intermediate in the production of dyes and pigments. It can be used to prepare direct red 62, red RL, red G, date red GBC, basic fuchsin, chromophore AS-D, acid red 35, 158, 265, solvent red 124, diazo components and coupling components of azo dyes, and organic pigment yellow 14, 17, and blue 19; pesticide raw materials, production of pesticide fungicide "tricyclazole", insecticide bemarborate, and chloramidine; herbicide acetochlor; raw materials for rubber vulcanization accelerator; saccharin raw materials; corrosion inhibitor raw materials, etc. In organic synthesis, o-toluidine is also used to synthesize heterocyclic compounds indole and its derivatives. Andy edited and sorted out the above information. |
| preparation method | 1. in dilute acid medium, this product is prepared by heating o-nitrotoluene together with iron powder and water. 2, o-nitrotoluene and hydrogen are preheated in an electric induction heater, and o-toluidine can also be prepared by hydrogenation in the presence of a copper catalyst. 3, toluene is aminated with sodium amide under the action of rhodium-carbon catalyst to prepare this product. 4. aniline is alkylated with methanol under the catalysis of ferric nitrate and germanium dioxide to prepare o-toluidine products. |
| dangerous situation | (1) o-toluidine is toxic, inhaled vapor, or absorbed or ingested through the skin can cause poisoning. Is a known carcinogen. (2) flammable, ignition point 482 ℃, steam can form explosive mixture with air. The allowable concentration in the air is 2ppm (9mg/m3) in the United States. |
| harmful effects and poisoning symptoms | the toxicity of this product is similar to aniline. ingestion, inhalation of vapor or absorption through skin can cause poisoning, generate methemoglobin, and cause neurological disorders and hypoxia, headache, cyanosis, weakness, dizziness, drowsiness, microscopic examination of hematuria and other symptoms; contact with the eyes and skin can cause eye burns and dermatitis. O-toluidine has carcinogenic effects and is a known carcinogen. |
| transportation requirements | o-toluidine is an organic drug. Dangerous gauge number: 84182. UN No.: 1708/6270/6.1-02/335, domestic name number: 61750; When transporting, the container must be marked with "drugs. |
| determination method | determination in air: silica adsorption, n-propanol treatment, gas chromatography analysis. |
| store | be packed in glass bottles or metal barrels to prevent mechanical damage. Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place. It is best to use open-air or attached warehouses. Fireworks are strictly prohibited. Keep away from places prone to fire. Keep away from light and sealed. Separated from the oxidant. |
| first aid | if this chemical enters the eye, wash it with water or eye washing agent immediately; If it comes into contact with skin, wash it with soap and water immediately; If someone inhales a lot, immediately move away from the scene to fresh air, and if necessary, perform artificial respiration. If swallowed, take a large amount of water, induce vomiting, gastric lavage, and immediately send to the hospital for treatment. Meilan is a special antidote. |
| protective measures | appropriate work clothes should be worn during operation to prevent skin contact. Wear protective glasses to prevent skin and eyes from coming into contact with them. If the permeable work clothes are wet or contaminated, they should be removed immediately. Safety signal indicators, eye washers and flushing equipment shall be prepared at the operation site. |
| blood glucose measurement | blood glucose measurement methods include o-toluidine condensation method, oxidase method and Folin-Wu method, and o-toluidine condensation method is commonly used. This method has a high specificity for the detection of glucose and is not affected by substances other than glucose, so the real glucose value (true sugar value) is measured. The basic principle is that glucose can be condensed with o-toluidine to synthesize blue-green Schiff's base in a hot acetic acid solution, and the color depth is proportional to the glucose content. When measuring, add o-toluidine color developer to the tested serum and glucose standard solution, compare its optical density, and calculate the glucose content in the blood serum. The normal value of glucose in fasting serum is 70~100mg/dl. |
| chemical properties | light yellow flammable liquid, turned reddish brown when exposed to air and sun. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ether. |
| use | used as dyes, pesticides, pharmaceuticals and organic synthesis intermediates used as analytical reagents and dye intermediates, and also used in organic synthesis o-toluidine is the fungicide tricyclazole, metalaxyl, furfurfuran, the insecticide and acaricide chloramidine, borer, the intermediates of the herbicides isobutachlor, dioxalamine, acetochlor, etc., are also the main intermediates of dyes, which can produce date red-based GBC, red-based G, red-based RL, tryptopol As-D, acid red 3B, Basic fuchsin, etc., and can produce reactive dyes. It is used to produce dye products such as date red-based GBC, red-based G, red-based RL, tryptophenol ASD, acid pink 3B, basic fuchsin and basic pink T, as well as pesticide chlordimeform, saccharin, vulcanization accelerator, mineralization agent toluene arsenic acid, etc. |
| production method | is obtained by reduction of o-nitrotoluene. The reduction reaction can use iron powder as a reducing agent, or it can be hydrogenated at 260-280°C in the presence of a copper catalyst to produce o-toluidine. The content of o-toluidine in industrial products (total amino content) is above 99%, and the hydrogenation reduction method consumes 1300kg of o-nitrotoluene and 940 m3 of hydrogen per ton of product. The preparation method is prepared by catalytic hydrogenation and reduction of o-nitrotoluene. Due to the different hydrogenation catalysts, the reaction conditions are different. For example, with copper catalyst, the reaction temperature is 260 ℃, and nickel catalyst can also be used. |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity classification | poisoning |
| acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 670 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 520 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | skin-rabbit 10 mg/24 hours severe; eyes-rabbit 0.75 mg/24 hours severe |
| explosive hazard characteristics | blastable when mixed with air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | open flame flammable; strong reaction with nitric acid; combustion emits toxic nitrogen oxide smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; Separate storage with acids and oxidants |
| fire extinguishing agent | mist water, foam, carbon dioxide, sand |
| occupational standard | TWA 22 mg/m3; STEL 44 mg/m3 |
| color index | 37077 |
| (IARC) carcinogen classification | 1 (Vol. Sup 7, 77, 99, 100F) 2012 |
| NIST chemical information | The information is provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | The information is provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 899 °F |
| toxic substance data | The information is: provide (external link) |
| immediate life-threatening and health concentration | 50 ppm |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:52:54
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View History
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