Peramine

Peramine - Names and Identifiers

Name	Ammonium hydroxide
Synonyms	AZAN Ammonia Ammoniak Peramine Nitro-sil Ammonia water Amoniak [Polish] Ammoniac [French] Ammonium hydroxide Ammoniaca [Italian] Ammonia concentrate Ammonia water (JP15) AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION, 1 M IN Ammonium hydroxide solution, volumetric, 5.0N in water
CAS	1336-21-6
EINECS	215-647-6
InChI	InChI=1/H3N.H2O/h1H3;1H2
InChIKey	VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Peramine - Physico-chemical Properties

Molecular Formula	H5NO
Molar Mass	35.05
Density	0.91g/mLat 20°C
Melting Point	-77°C
Boling Point	36°C
Water Solubility	Miscible with water.
Vapor Presure	115 mmHg at 20 °C for 29% solution
Vapor Density	1.2 (vs air)
Appearance	Liquid, Single Sub-Boiling Quartz Distillation
Specific Gravity	approximate 0.96 (10%, 15℃)
Color	Colorless
Odor	Strong pungent ammonia odor detectable at 17 ppm
Maximum wavelength(λmax)	['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.01', , 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01']
Merck	14,494
BRN	3587154
pKa	9.3(at 25℃)
PH	10.09(1 mM solution);10.61(10 mM solution);11.12(100 mM solution);
Storage Condition	2-8°C
Stability	Stable. Incompatible with copper, copper alloys, acids, galvanised iron, zinc, aluminium, bronze, dimethyl sulphate, mercury, alkali metals.
Explosive Limit	27%
Use	For fertilizers, and for medicine

Peramine - Risk and Safety

Risk Codes	R34 - Causes burns R50 - Very Toxic to aquatic organisms R22 - Harmful if swallowed
Safety Description	S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
UN IDs	UN 2672 8/PG 3
WGK Germany	2
RTECS	BQ9625000
FLUKA BRAND F CODES	34
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	28142000
Hazard Class	8
Packing Group	III
Toxicity	LD50 oral (rat) 350 mg/kg PEL (OSHA) 35 ppm (27 mg/m3) TLV-TWA (ACGIH) 25 ppm (17 mg/m3) STEL (ACGIH) 35 ppm (27 mg/m3)

Peramine - Upstream Downstream Industry

Raw Materials	Ammonia Methyl alcohol Sodium hydroxide Hydrochloric acid Ammonia Sodium Chloride
Downstream Products	Ammonium Bisulfite ammonium sulfite Sodium nitrite potassium tetrakis(cyano-C)aurate Ammonium fluoride Aluminum oxide 3-Amino-1,2-propanediol Amino Acids Glycine Methyl 3-oxopentanoate

Peramine - Nature

Open Data Verified Data

colorless transparent liquid, with a special odor of ammonia, is strongly alkaline. It is lighter than water, the ammonia content of saturated ammonia water is 25% ~ 27% at normal temperature, and the density is 0. 90g/mL at 25. Can be miscible with alcohol, ether phase, acid reaction exothermic salt formation. When heated to boiling, ammonia gas may all escape from the solution. The mixture of ammonia and air has the risk of explosion.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

Peramine - Preparation Method

Open Data Verified Data

with liquid ammonia as raw material, ammonia gas is volatilized at normal temperature, and impurities in ammonia are removed by washing. The ammonia is passed into a gas absorption tower, and the ammonia is absorbed with high pure water, and then treated with a microporous membrane.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

Peramine - Application

Open Data Verified Data

It is mainly used in silicon wafer cleaning and etching processes in integrated circuit manufacturing, and can be used in combination with hydrogen peroxide and hydrofluoric acid.

Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40

Peramine - Safety

Open Data Verified Data

is corrosive to the skin and respiratory mucosa have a certain irritation, should avoid inhalation in vivo. Sealed preservation at low temperature.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

Peramine - Reference Information

EPA chemical information	Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link)
introduction	ammonia is a colorless solution of ammonia dissolved in water. It has a pungent ammonia flavor. Melting point -77 ℃, boiling point 34.5 ℃(28% NH3), relative density 0.879(15 ℃,28% NH3). Place volatilization in the air. Ammonium hydroxide is easily soluble in water and weakly alkaline, with ionization constant K = 1.78 × 10-5. Ammonium hydroxide reacts with acid to form ammonium salt, burns in oxygen to form nitrogen, or generates nitric oxide through platinum network. It can combine with many transition metal ions, such as reacting with silver chloride to form silver ammonia complex [Ag(NH3)2]Cl, which can dissolve some insoluble salts.
application	ammonium hydroxide can be used in the production of nitric acid and nitrogen fertilizer, as well as the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, plastics, circulating refrigerants, etc. If ammonium hydroxide corrosion solution can be used to prepare the V-groove gallium arsenide pattern substrate, the resulting gallium arsenide V-groove pattern substrate is relatively smooth and flat, and the defects caused by corrosion are relatively few. The ammonium hydroxide corrosion solution is anisotropic corrosion solution, and the corrosion rate is moderate.
use	used as analytical reagent, aluminum salt synthesis and weak alkaline solvent ammonium hydroxide (ammonia water) can be used in the production of nitric acid and nitrogen fertilizer, as well as dyes, pharmaceuticals, plastics, circulating refrigerants, etc. ammonia water is used as analytical reagent, neutralizer and alkaloid leaching agent. Used for the verification and determination of certain elements (such as copper and nickel). Hydroxides used to precipitate various elements. Preparation of ammonium compounds, detergent, colorimetric determination.
category	compressed gas and liquefied gas
toxicity classification	poisoning
acute toxicity	oral administration-rat LD50: 350 mg/kg; Inhalation-human TCL0: 408 PPM
stimulation data	eye-rabbit 1 mg/30 s severe
flammability hazard characteristics	release toxic and combustible ammonia when heated; react with active metals to generate flammable hydrogen; nitrogen oxide smoke from the fire site
storage and transportation characteristics	warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; separate from acid
fire extinguishing agent	water
spontaneous combustion temperature	690°C (for ammonia)
toxic substance data	information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link)

Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15

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