HPMA
Poly(maleic acid)
CAS: 26099-09-2
Molecular Formula: C4H4O4
HPMA - Names and Identifiers
HPMA - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C4H4O4 | ||||||||||||
| Molar Mass | 116.07 | ||||||||||||
| Density | 1.18 (48% aq.) | ||||||||||||
| Flash Point | 95 °C | ||||||||||||
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C | ||||||||||||
| Physical and Chemical Properties |
| ||||||||||||
| Use | This product has high chemical stability and temperature resistance, and has obvious solubility limit effect when pH value is 8.3. It can chelate calcium and magnesium plasma in water and has lattice distortion ability, which can improve the fluidity of sludge. It is especially suitable for scale inhibition in high-temperature water systems such as boiler water. Can be used as oil field water pipeline, circulating cooling water system and flash seawater desalination and other sediment inhibitors, scale inhibitors, etc., can also be used as a basic industrial detergent |
HPMA - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R36 - Irritating to the eyes R43 - May cause sensitization by skin contact R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| UN IDs | UN 3265 |
HPMA - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
Tan transparent liquid. Soluble in water, chemical stability and high thermal stability, decomposition temperature of 330. 50% of the aqueous solution is light yellow viscous liquid, density is greater than or equal to 1. 2g/cm3,pH value is 1~2. HP-MA is a low molecular weight polyelectrolyte, non-toxic, soluble in water, high chemical and thermal stability, decomposition temperature above 330 ℃.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
HPMA - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
The polymerization was initiated in the presence of benzoyl peroxide with maleic anhydride as a raw material and toluene as a solvent.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:29:01
HPMA - Application
Open Data Verified Data
efficient scale inhibitor. Mainly used in low-pressure boilers, industrial circulating cooling water systems, oil pipeline, crude oil dehydration and flash seawater desalination and other aspects of the scale inhibitor, and can be used as the main component of advanced cleaning agents, but also can be used as textile rinsing agent, reduces the ash content of textiles. HPMA still has good scale inhibition and dispersion effect on carbonate below 300 ℃, and the scale inhibition time can reach COOH. Due to the excellent scale inhibition performance and high temperature resistance of HPMA, it is widely used in the flash unit of seawater desalination and in the low pressure boiler, steam locomotive, crude oil dehydration, water transfer pipeline and industrial circulating cooling water. In addition, HPMA has a certain corrosion inhibition effect, and the effect of compound with zinc salt is better, which can effectively prevent the corrosion of carbon steel. HPMA is usually (1~15)× 10-6 and organic phosphate compound, for circulating cooling water, oil field water injection, crude oil dehydration treatment and low pressure boiler furnace treatment, it has a good effect of inhibiting scale formation and stripping old scale, and the scale inhibition rate can reach 98%.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
HPMA - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
HPMA is acidic, should avoid contact with the skin, eyes, etc., after contact with a large number of water rinse.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:29:02
HPMA - Reference Information
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| introduction | hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride is a polycarboxylic acid type organic compound, which is resistant to high temperature and can chelate calcium, magnesium, iron, etc. in water. Good thermal stability, use PH range, wide water hardness, is an excellent scale inhibitor. Hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride (HPMA), as a low-cost and excellent green water treatment agent, has become an important member of high-efficiency water-soluble scale inhibitor and dispersant. Especially under harsh environmental conditions such as high temperature, high pH value, high alkalinity, high hardness, etc., hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride has a significant scale inhibition effect on calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, etc., which is not general polypropylene acids and other organic copolymerization The dispersant can reach. At the same time, hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride has low toxicity, no carcinogenic and teratogenic effects, and is often used as a water treatment agent for circulating cooling water, low-pressure boiler water, and anti-scaling treatment for oilfield water injection, crude oil dehydration and other systems. |
| Polymaleic acid | Polymaleic acid is a polyelectrolyte, also known as anti-scale agent H-1, polymaleic acid, which is produced by maleic anhydride Polyhydrolysis or hydrolysis polymerization. It is a brown-red viscous liquid at room temperature. The solid content is 50%. Relative density 1.20(20/20 ℃). Acid value 280~320 mg potassium hydroxide/kg. Molecular weight 400~700. pH value 1~2. Easily soluble in water, each carbon atom on the polymer chain has a high potential charge. Therefore, its polyelectrolyte properties are different from polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid. When dropping with LiOH, NaOH, KOH or (CH3)4NOH, only half of the carboxyl group of the total acid is neutralized, and the properties are different from polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid. When LiOH, NaOH, KOH or (CH3)4NOH curve is used, there is only one jump at the half-sum point. Therefore, in terms of potentiometric titration, polymaleic acid is often regarded as a unit acid. Polymaleic acid and maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymers can be used to treat calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate powders. The surface modification of calcium carbonate can improve the stability of calcium carbonate in organic or inorganic phase (system), improve the dispersibility of these powders in solution, and prevent the agglomeration of particles. It is prepared by polymerization and hydrolysis of maleic anhydride under the action of a catalyst. Mainly used for scale and corrosion inhibition of steam locomotive boilers, industrial low-pressure boilers, internal combustion engine cooling water systems, seawater desalination, seawater potassium extraction, heat exchange systems, oil field oil pipelines and tank return systems. |
| use | hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride cocoa is used for scale inhibition of industrial circulating cooling water, oil field water pipelines and boiler water. Desalination and scale prevention of seawater by flash evaporation. And used as an ingredient in advanced cleaning agents. The general dosage is 1-5PPM. It can be used for oil field water pipelines, steam locomotive boilers, medium and low pressure boilers, seawater desalination, circulating cooling water, and scale inhibitor and dispersant. It can also be used as a textile cleaning agent. General dosage 2 × 10-6~10-5. Used as scale inhibitor and corrosion inhibitor in steam locomotive, industrial boiler water, cold water, and oil field water injection treatment. It is a high-efficiency scale inhibitor, mainly used in low-pressure boilers, industrial circulating cooling water systems, oil field water pipelines, crude oil dehydration, etc. This product has high chemical stability and temperature resistance, and has obvious pH value when 8.3 The solubility limit effect can chelate with calcium and magnesium plasma in water and have lattice distortion ability, which can improve the fluidity of sludge. It is especially suitable for scale inhibition of high warm water systems such as boiler water. It can be used as a sediment inhibitor, scale inhibitor, etc. for oilfield water pipelines, circulating cooling water systems, and flash evaporation seawater desalination. It can also be used as an alkaline industrial cleaner with |
| synthesis method | add a certain amount of maleic anhydride and water to a 1000m four-mouth flask equipped with thermometer, stirrer, reflux condenser and constant pressure drop funnel, and raise the temperature to 60 ℃. After the maleic anhydride is completely dissolved, add an appropriate amount of catalyst and self-made auxiliary AXL, start the stirrer and raise the temperature to the set temperature at the same time, control a certain reaction temperature, and add the initiator within a certain period of time through a constant pressure drop funnel. After dropping, continue the heat preservation reaction for 2h to obtain hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride products. |
| production method | 200 parts maleic anhydride, 80 parts water and one part catalyst are added into the kettle. After heating and reflux, 100 parts of hydrogen peroxide are added dropwise at 100~120 ℃. After the reaction, heat and reflux for 30 min to obtain a clear and transparent brown-yellow hydrolyzed product. using water as solvent and maleic acid rod as monomer in the presence of initiator for polymerization. See hydrolyzed polymaleic acid rod for details. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 02:00:07
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View History
HPMA
C.I. Vat Blue 14
Vat Brown 5
PQR309
异丙醇钕(III)
28741-07-3
L-4-Cyanophenylalanine
7650-91-1
335104-84-2
3695-80-5
C.I. Vat Blue 14
Vat Brown 5
PQR309
异丙醇钕(III)
28741-07-3
L-4-Cyanophenylalanine
7650-91-1
335104-84-2
3695-80-5