Ethanethiol
Ethanethiol
CAS: 75-08-1
Molecular Formula: C2H6S
Ethanethiol - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Ethanethiol |
| Synonyms | EM(TM) RT Ethanethiol ETHANETHIOL MERCAPTAN C2 Mercaptan C2 Ethylmercaptan Ethyl mercaptan ETHYL MERCAPTAN 1-Mercaptoethane mercury diethanethiolate |
| CAS | 75-08-1 |
| EINECS | 200-837-3 |
| InChI | InChI=1/2C2H6S.Hg/c2*1-2-3;/h2*3H,2H2,1H3;/q;;+2/p-2 |
Ethanethiol - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C2H6S |
| Molar Mass | 62.13 |
| Density | 0.839g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | -148 °C |
| Boling Point | 35°C(lit.) |
| Flash Point | 1°F |
| JECFA Number | 1659 |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in alcohol, ether, waterMiscible with alcohol, petroleum naphtha, acetone, dilute alkali and ether. Slightly miscible with water. |
| Solubility | 6.8g/l |
| Vapor Presure | 8.51 psi ( 20 °C) |
| Vapor Density | 2.1 (vs air) |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Color | Colorless |
| Odor | Strong chunk; offensive garlic. |
| Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA 0.5 ppm (～1.3 mg/m3 ) (ACGIHand MSHA); ceiling 10 ppm (OSHA); IDLH2500 ppm (NIOSH). |
| Merck | 14,3726 |
| BRN | 773638 |
| pKa | 10.6(at 25℃) |
| Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
| Stability | Stable. Extremely flammable - note low flash point. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, strong acids. May form explosive mixtures with air. |
| Explosive Limit | 2.8-18%(V) |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.4306(lit.) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless transparent oily liquid with strong persistent pungent garlic odor. Volatile in the air. melting point -147.89 ℃ boiling point 35 ℃ relative density 0.8391 refractive index 1.4310 soluble in water, 20 ° C in water solubility of 1.5% (weight ratio), soluble in alkaline water and ethanol, ether and other organic solvents. |
| Use | For pesticide intermediates, warning gas |
Ethanethiol - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R11 - Highly Flammable R20 - Harmful by inhalation R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R12 - Extremely Flammable R20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. |
| Safety Description | S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S25 - Avoid contact with eyes. S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. |
| UN IDs | UN 2363 3/PG 1 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | KI9625000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 13 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2930 90 98 |
| Hazard Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | I |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 682 mg/kg |
Ethanethiol - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Downstream Products | Ethyl thioacetate |
Ethanethiol - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
A colorless transparent oily liquid with a strong persistent pungent garlic odor. Volatile in the air. Melting point 147. 89 °c. Boiling point of 35 deg C. The relative density was 0.8391. Refractive index 1.4310. The critical temperature is 225.5. The critical pressure is 5.32MPa. Vapor (20 °c) 58. 928kPa. Slightly soluble in water, 20 deg C in water solubility of 1.5% (mass ratio),25 deg C per liter of water can dissolve 6. 76G. Hydrate can be formed with water, and the hydrate will crystallize below 10 °c. Soluble in alkaline water and ethanol, ether and other organic solvents. Explosive Limit of 2.8% ~ 18.2% (volume). The minimum ignition temperature is 299 °c in air and 261 °c in oxygen. Viscosity (20 C) 0.293MPA. s. The flash point was below 0 °c. Spontaneous ignition point was 303. 78 ℃.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Ethanethiol - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
There are three main processes.
- anhydrous ethanol, fuming sulfuric acid and sodium hydrosulfide were used as raw materials. The total yield was 60% ~ 65% (absolute ethanol). Domestic this method is more mature, the disadvantage is long route, low yield, high demand for raw materials.
- prepared by the action of ethyl chloride and sodium hydrosulfide. The yield was more than 80% (based on chloroethanol).
- obtained from ethanol (or ethylene) and hydrogen sulfide by gas phase catalysis. The reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure, and the catalyst is impregnated with tungstic acid or sodium tungstate using activated alumina as a carrier. The reaction temperature was 360-380 °c. The yield of ethanethiol (based on ethanol) was 70% ~ 79%.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:37:37
Ethanethiol - Application
Open Data Verified Data
important intermediates in pesticide industry, mainly used as antimicrobial agent 401, pesticide phorate, phosphorus, phosphorus, phosphorus, phosphorus and methyl phosphorus and other organic phosphorus pesticide intermediates. In addition, it can also be used as an odorant for reagents and gases (the odor can be detected at a concentration of 0. 00019mg/L).
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
Ethanethiol - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
- This product is highly toxic, and can cause blood pressure drop and Dyspnea in dogs under 1%. A large number of human inhalation will cause blood pressure to lower, Dyspnea, and Vomit, Diarrhea, hematuria and other symptoms. The light ones could be cured after leaving the scene in time. The severe ones were immediately sent to the hospital for treatment. The maximum allowable concentration in air is 0.5 × 10_6. The production equipment should be closed, and the operation site should be forced ventilation, and the operator should wear protective equipment.
- This product is generally used as an intermediate, not for sale. To be sealed and stored in a cool, dry, ventilated place. The flammable and toxic substances shall be stored and transported according to the regulations.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Ethanethiol - Reference Information
| FEMA | 4258 | ETHANETHIOL |
| olfactory Threshold | 0.0000087ppm |
| Henry's Law Constant | 3.57(x 10-3 atm?m3/mol) at 25 °C (Przyjazny et al., 1983) |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Application | used in pesticide intermediates, warning gas ethanethiol is an important pesticide intermediate, for the synthesis of organophosphorus insecticides phorate phosphorus, phosphorus, isopropyl phosphorus, phosphorus absorption, methyl phosphorus absorption and herbicides, in addition, can also be used as reagents and gas odorants, liquid fuel additives, and for pharmaceutical synthesis. ethanethiol is an important pesticide intermediate, which is used in the production of organophosphorus pesticide isopropylphosphorus, phorate phosphorus, phorate phosphorus, internal phosphorus uptake, methyl phosphorus uptake, etc. It may also be used for the production of an antimicrobial agent 401. When the concentration of ethyl mercaptan in the air is only 50 billion times, the odor can be detected, so it can be used as a warning agent for natural gas and petroleum gas, reagent plus odor (the odor in the concentration of 0.00019mg/L can smell). Ethanethiol can also be used in pharmaceutical and other organic synthesis. useful as a stabilizer for adhesives and as an intermediate for chemical synthesis. |
| production method | 1. From the reaction of sodium ethyl sulfate and sodium hydrosulfide. The sodium ethyl sulfate used in this method was prepared from anhydrous ethanol and fuming sulfuric acid. The overall yield was 60%-65% (absolute ethanol). Domestic this method is more mature, the disadvantage is long route, low yield, high demand for raw materials. It is derived from the reaction of ethyl chloride with sodium hydrosulfide. The yield was more than 80% (based on chloroethanol). 3. From ethanol (or ethylene) and hydrogen sulfide by gas phase catalytic reaction. The reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure, and the catalyst is impregnated with tungstic acid or sodium tungstate using activated alumina as a carrier. The reaction temperature was 360-380 °c. Ethanethiol yield (based on ethanol), up to 70%-79%. 4. Laboratory preparations can be made from thiourea and bromoethane. The preparation method includes an anhydrous ethanol method, a chloroethane method, an ethanol (ethylene) method, and the like. (1) anhydrous ethanol method with anhydrous ethanol, fuming sulfuric acid and sodium hydrosulfide as raw material. C2H5OH + H2SO4 · SO3 → C2H5OSO2OH + H2SO42C2H5OSO2OH + Na2CO3 → 2c2h2oso2ona + H2O + CO2 ↑ c2oso2ona + NaSH → C2H5SH + Na2SO4 this method is a mature production process in China, but it has a long route, the yield is low, the requirement for raw materials is high, the dosage of acid and alkali is large, and the equipment is corrosive. (2) the ethyl chloride method is obtained by reacting ethyl chloride with sodium hydrosulfide. C2H5Cl + NaSH → C2H5SH + NaCl this method has the advantages of simple process and high yield, Disadvantages are the need for pressure, high requirements for equipment, intermittent operation, high labor intensity, and limited sources of ethyl chloride. (3) the ethanol (or ethylene) method is obtained by reacting hydrogen sulfide gas with ethanol vapor or ethylene in the presence of a catalyst. C2H5OH + H2S → C2H5SH + H2O This method has the advantages of simple process, easy availability of raw materials, low cost, high product purity and continuous production. The main disadvantage is that the reaction temperature is high, hydrogen sulfide is highly toxic, and has strong corrosion to the equipment. |
| category | flammable liquid |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 682 mg/kg; Inhalation-mouse LC50: 2770 PPM/ 4 h |
| stimulation data | Skin-rabbits 500 mg/24 h mild; eye-rabbit 100 mg/24 h moderate |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | in case of fire, high temperature, flammable water, oxidant; toxic sulfur dioxide gas |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Stored separately from oxidants and acids |
| extinguishing agent | dry powder, dry sand, dry stone powder, carbon dioxide, foam |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 1 mg/m3; Tel 1 mg/m3 |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 570 ° F. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-and health-threatening concentration | 500 ppm |
Last Update：2024-04-09 02:00:11
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View History
Ethanethiol
alpha-Heparin
C.I. Reactive Red 1, trisodium salt (8CI)
103-54-8
7149-69-1
312693-07-5
6074-84-6
783334-85-0
52222-74-9
Levogyration camphorquinone
alpha-Heparin
C.I. Reactive Red 1, trisodium salt (8CI)
103-54-8
7149-69-1
312693-07-5
6074-84-6
783334-85-0
52222-74-9
Levogyration camphorquinone
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