DysprosiumpowderN
Dysprosium atomic absorption standard solution
CAS: 7429-91-6;22541-21-5
Molecular Formula: Dy
DysprosiumpowderN - Names and Identifiers
DysprosiumpowderN - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Dy |
| Molar Mass | 162.5 |
| Density | 8.559 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | 1412 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 2567 °C (lit.) |
| Water Solubility | reacts slowly with H2O; soluble dilute acids [HAW93] |
| Appearance | powder |
| Specific Gravity | 8.54 |
| Color | Silver-gray |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 2 ppm; STEL 4 ppmOSHA: TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3)NIOSH: IDLH 25 ppm; TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3); STEL 4 ppm(10 mg/m3) |
| Merck | 13,3515 |
| Storage Condition | Evacuate,, gas, |
| Sensitive | Air & Moisture Sensitive |
| MDL | MFCD00010982 |
| Use | It is used to produce phosphors, enamel and glaze, as well as infrared generating equipment and laser equipment, and the atomic energy industry. |
DysprosiumpowderN - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R11 - Highly Flammable R34 - Causes burns |
| Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S27 - Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S23 - Do not breathe vapour. |
| UN IDs | UN 3089 4.1/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28053012 |
| Hazard Class | 8 |
| Packing Group | III |
DysprosiumpowderN - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Hydrofluoric Acid |
DysprosiumpowderN - Introduction
Hard, lively in nature. It is easily oxidized by oxygen, reacts quickly with water, and is soluble in acid. Alloy used to make magnets.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:28:16
DysprosiumpowderN - Reference Information
| resistivity | 89 ++-cm, 20°C |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | dysprosium is the 43th most abundant element on Earth, ranked ninth in the rare earth elements found in the Earth's crust. It is a metallic element, usually in the form of an oxide. It is a dense (specific gravity = 8.540) metal. It is very soft, cut with a knife, it appears to be a silver metal, at room temperature will be slow oxidation, white oxide (Dy2O3) formed on the outside of the metal. |
| History of discovery | in 1878, scientists found that the erbium ore also contains oxides of thulium and thulium. In 1886, the French chemist Paul Emil-Lecker de boilder was able to separate dysprosium oxide from phosphonium oxide while studying it in Paris. He dissolved the sample in acid and added ammonia to precipitate dysprosium in the form of hydroxide. After 30 attempts, he succeeded in isolating dysprosium. He named the new element "dysplasma" in accordance with the Greek text "δ δ δ σ π ρ σητ" (dyssitos, meaning "difficult to obtain") ". However, it was not until the 1950s that ion exchange technology was developed by Frank Spedding of Iowa State University that dysprosium with high purity was isolated. |
| Source | dysprosium does not occur in nature as an elemental substance, but exists in a variety of minerals, including phosphorite, brown yttrium niobium ore, Silicon beryllium yttrium ore, black rare gold ore, re-rare gold ore, titanium tantalum niobium uranium, monazite and fluorocarbon cerium ore. It also generally occurs with rare earth elements such as erbium and americium. At present, most of dysprosium is mined in ion-adsorbed rare earth minerals in southern China. |
| Applications | dysprosium, along with vanadium and other elements, can be used in laser materials and commercial lighting applications. Because of the high thermal neutron absorption cross section of dysprosium, dysprosium oxide-nickel CerMet is a kind of control rod material for nuclear reactor. Dysprosium-cadmium compounds of the oxygen group are sources of infrared radiation that can be used to study chemical reactions. Dysprosium and its compounds have strong magnetic properties, so they are useful in data storage devices such as hard disks. The neodymium part of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet can be replaced by dysprosium in order to improve the coercive force, thereby improving the heat resistance of the magnet, which is used in the application of electric vehicle drive motor and other high performance requirements. Dysprosium can also be used in dosimeters to measure the amount of ionizing radiation. |
| preparation | the production of dysprosium mainly comes from mining monazite sand composed of a mixture of various phosphates, it is one of the by-products of the yttrium extraction process. The separation process of dysprosium can use magnetic or buoyancy method to remove other metal impurities, and then separate various rare earth metals by ion exchange method. The resulting dysprosium ions react with fluorine or chlorine to form dysprosium fluoride (DyF3) or dysprosium chloride (DyCl3), respectively, and are reduced by calcium or lithium metal: the reaction of 3 Ca 2 DyF3 → 2 Dy 3 CaF2 3 Li DyCl3 → Dy 3 LiCl was carried out in a tantalum crucible in helium atmosphere. The halide and molten dysprosium produced in the process are naturally separated due to different specific gravity. After cooling, dysprosium can be separated from other impurities by a knife. |
| safety information | If the dysprosium metal powder is in the vicinity of the ignition source in the air, there will be the risk of explosion; the sheet can also be ignited by spark and static electricity. The metal flame caused by dysprosium cannot be quenched with water because it reacts with water to produce flammable hydrogen gas. Dysprosium chloride flames can be quenched with water, while Dysprosium fluoride and dysprosium oxide are not flammable. Dysprosium nitrate (Dy(NO3)3) is a strong oxidant, which can be rapidly ignited when exposed to organic matter. Soluble dysprosium salts, such as dysprosium chloride and dysprosium nitrate, etc., are slightly toxic after eating; Insoluble salts are non-toxic. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:04:16
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Raw Materials for DysprosiumpowderN