ALOPERINE
ALOPERINE
CAS: 56293-29-9
Molecular Formula: C15H24N2
ALOPERINE - Names and Identifiers
ALOPERINE - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C15H24N2 |
| Molar Mass | 232.36 |
| Density | 1.10±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted) |
| Melting Point | 67-72°C |
| Boling Point | 367.7±37.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Specific Rotation(α) | +82.1 (c, 0.85 in EtOH) |
| Solubility | Ethanol :46 mg/mL warmed (197.96 mM);Water :12 mg/mL (51.64 mM);DMSO :2 mg/mL (8.6 mM) |
| Appearance | Powder |
| pKa | 10.31±0.20(Predicted) |
| Storage Condition | Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature |
| MDL | MFCD00468086 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless prismatic crystal, soluble in methanol, ethanol, DMSO and other organic solvents, derived from Sophora alophora, leguminous plant Sophora alophora (Sophora alopecuroides L.) seeds and aboveground. |
| Use | Sophora alophora, also known as Sophora alophora, Sophora root, Bitter licorice, West Bean root, Sophora sophora, Buya (pronunciation in Uygur), etc. Sophora alexandrae has strong adaptability to survival and is a sandy desert plant. It is widely distributed in northern desert and semi-desert areas such as Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Qinghai. It grows in contiguous areas with advantages and is very rich in resources. The medicinal parts of Sophora alopecuros are mainly its roots, stems, seeds and whole plants. The whole plant is cold, bitter and toxic. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that it has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxification, expelling wind and dampness, killing insects and relieving pain. Sophora alopecuroensis contains more than 20 kinds of alkaloids, and alophorine is one of the main alkaloids for separation and extraction. In recent years, studies have found that alophorine (Aloperine,ALO) has anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antioxidant, anti-allergic, anti-viral, anti-colorectal cancer, anti-arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia protection. Alophorine is a quinolinic alkaloid extracted and separated from Sophora alophora. It is a colorless prismatic crystal with a molecular formula of C15H24N2, a molecular weight of 232.36, and a melting point of 69~73 ℃. Studies have shown that alopecine is the highest in the leaves of Sophora alopecuroensis, followed by the stems, while alopecine is not extracted from flowers, seeds and pods. |
| In vitro study | In contrast to other alkaloids, including sophoridine, sophocarpine, matrine, oxymatrine, and cytisine, Aloperine acts on human cancer cell lines of different tissue origins, including leukemia cancer cells HL-60, u937 and K562, esophageal cancer EC109 cells, lung cancer A549 cells and liver cancer HepG2 cells, with the strongest toxicity, IC50 were 0.04 mM, 0.27 mM, 0.36 mM, 1.11 mM, 1.18 mM, and 1.36. The strongest cytotoxicity was observed at 72 hours with 94.1% inhibition by Aloperine on HL-60 cells. In contrast to the effect on leukemia cells, 1 mM Aloperine does not significantly reduce cell viability in normal PBMNCs for 72 hours. Treatment of HL-60 cells with 20 μm Aloperine for 48 hours significantly induced apoptosis and autophagy in a dose-dependent manner. |
| In vivo study | Topical application of 1% Aloperine to BALB/c mice inhibited the increase of Ear thickness and ear erythema induced by 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), and significantly reduced DNFB-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-1beta(IL-1β) and IL-6 (IL-6) mRNA and protein levels in ear biopsy tissue homogenate. Local application of Aloperine to NC/Nga mice reduced DNFB-induced dermatitis (dermatitis index and ear thickness) in a dose-dependent manner on days 13 and 14. Aloperine treatment reduced DNFB-induced lymphocyte invasion and Eosinophil infiltration in a dose-dependent manner. Aloperine treatment also reduced DNFB-induced mast cell infiltration in a dose-dependent manner. Aloperine reduces the level of IgE in plasma, an effect that is dose-dependent. Aloperine significantly reduced DNFB-induced IL-4, IL-13 and IFN-γ production increase, however increased IL-10 levels, in a dose-dependent manner. Aloperine treatment of ear biopsies from NC/Nga mice significantly reduced TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner. |
ALOPERINE - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xn - Harmful |
| Risk Codes | 22 - Harmful if swallowed |
| RTECS | RM2979500 |
ALOPERINE - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Shi Xiaoying talked about Wen Pan Song Lijun, etc. HPLC-MS examined the blood components of Sophora alopecae total alkali double-coated pellets [J]. Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2019 021(004):65-69. |
ALOPERINE - Reference Information
| Overview | Sophora alopecuroides are also known as Sophora alopecuroides, Sophora root, Bitter licorice, West bean root, Sophora sophora, Buya (Uighur pronunciation), etc. Sophora alopecuroides has strong adaptability to survival and is a sandy desert plant. It is widely distributed in northern desert and semi-desert areas such as Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Qinghai. Most of them grow in contiguous areas with advantages and are very rich in resources. The medicinal parts of Sophora alopecuroides are mainly its roots, stems, seeds and whole plants. The whole plant is cold, bitter and toxic. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that it has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxification, expelling wind and dampness, killing insects and relieving pain. Sophora alopecuroides contains more than 20 kinds of alkaloids, and alophorine is one of the main alkaloids for separation and extraction. In recent years, studies have found that alophorine (Aloperine,ALO) has anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antioxidant, anti-allergic, anti-viral, anti-colorectal cancer, anti-arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia protection. Alophorine is a quinolinic alkaloid extracted and separated from Sophora alophora. It is a colorless prismatic crystal with a molecular formula of C15H24N2, a molecular weight of 232.36, and a melting point of 69~73 ℃. Studies have shown that alopecine is the highest in the leaves of Sophora alopecuroides, followed by the stems, while alopecine is not extracted from flowers, seeds and pods. |
| biological activity | Aloperine is an alkaloid extracted from Sophora flavescens plants, such as Sophora alopecuroides L, which has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-tumor properties. |
| in vitro study | compared with other alkaloids, including sophoridine, sophocarpine, matrine, oxymatrine, and gormine, Aloperine act on human cancer cell lines of different tissue sources, including leukemia cancer cell HL-60, U937 and K562, esophageal cancer EC109 cells, lung cancer A549 cells and hepatoma HepG2 cells have the strongest toxicity with IC50 of 0.04 mM, 0.27 mM, 0.36 mM, 1.11 mM, 1.18 mM and 1.36 mM respectively. Aloperine acting on HL-60 cells, the strongest cytotoxicity can be observed at 72 hours, with an inhibition rate of 94.1%. Contrary to the effect on leukemia cells, 1 mM Aloperine acts on normal PBMNCs for 72 hours without significantly reducing cell viability. Treatment of HL-60 cells with 20 μM Aloperine for 48 hours significantly induced apoptosis and autophagy, which was dose-dependent. |
| in vivo study | 1% Aloperine were applied locally to BALB/c mice to inhibit the increase of ear thickness and ear erythema induced by 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), and significantly reduce DNFB-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-1beta(IL-1β) and IL-6 (IL-6) mRNA and protein levels in ear biopsy homogenate. Aloperine topical application to NC/Nga mice reduces DNFB-induced dermatitis (dermatitis index and ear thickness) on days 13 and 14. This effect is dose-dependent. Aloperine treatment reduces DNFB-induced lymphocyte invasion and eosinophil infiltration, which is dose-dependent. Aloperine treatment also reduced DNFB-induced mast cell infiltration, which was dose-dependent. This effect is dose-dependent Aloperine reduce the level of IgE in plasma. Aloperine significantly reduce DNFB-induced IL-4, IL-13 and IFN-γ yields are increased, but IL-10 levels are increased, which is dose-dependent. Aloperine treatment of ear biopsy sections of NC/Nga mice significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 cytokines in a dose-dependent manner. |
| chemical properties | colorless prismatic crystals, soluble in methanol, ethanol, DMSO and other organic solvents, derived from Sophora alopecuroides, seeds and aboveground parts of leguminous plant Sophora alopecuroides (Sophora alopecuroides L.). |
| use | has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-arrhythmia, and promotes prostaglandin cyclooxygenase activity and myocardial protection. It is clinically used to treat acute bacillary dysentery. It is expected to be used to treat diseases such as arthritis, nephritis and lupus erythematosus. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:21:28
ALOPERINE - Application
It has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-arrhythmia, and promotes the activity of prostaglandin cyclooxygenase and myocardial protection. It is clinically used to treat acute bacillary dysentery. It is expected to be used to treat diseases such as arthritis, nephritis and lupus erythematosus.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
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View History
ALOPERINE
Titanium(IV) i-propoxide
MANDELIC ACID NITRILE
NSC 67574
SOLVENT VIOLET 9
ZINC N-ETHYL-DITHIOCARBAMATE
Halon 10001
Acid Brown 58
Gambogellic acid
Cyanoacetamide
Titanium(IV) i-propoxide
MANDELIC ACID NITRILE
NSC 67574
SOLVENT VIOLET 9
ZINC N-ETHYL-DITHIOCARBAMATE
Halon 10001
Acid Brown 58
Gambogellic acid
Cyanoacetamide