499-75-2
carvacrol
CAS: 499-75-2
Molecular Formula: C10H14O
499-75-2 - Names and Identifiers
| Name | carvacrol |
| Synonyms | o-Thymol carvacrol Isothymol 2-hydroxy-p-cymen 5-ISOPROPYL-O-CRESOL 5-ISOPROPYL-2-METHYLPHENOL 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol 2-hydroxy-4-(2-propyl)toluene 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-pheno 1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-5-isopropylbenzene 2-Hydroxy-1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)benzene |
| CAS | 499-75-2 |
| EINECS | 207-889-6 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C10H14O/c1-7(2)9-5-4-8(3)10(11)6-9/h4-7,11H,1-3H3 |
| InChIKey | RECUKUPTGUEGMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
499-75-2 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C10H14O |
| Molar Mass | 150.22 |
| Density | 0.976g/mLat 20°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | 3-4°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 236-237°C(lit.) |
| Flash Point | 224°F |
| JECFA Number | 710 |
| Water Solubility | Insoluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in ethanol, ether, alkali solution, insoluble in water |
| Vapor Presure | 3.09-6.664Pa at 25℃ |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Color | Colorless to Light orange to Yellow |
| Merck | 14,1872 |
| BRN | 1860514 |
| pKa | 10.38±0.10(Predicted) |
| Storage Condition | -20°C |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents. |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.522(lit.) |
| MDL | MFCD00002236 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless to light yellow slightly viscous oil. Set air and light, color darkened. It is full of osthole, cool and herb-like aroma, with thymol-like odor. Boiling point 238 ℃, melting point 0.5~1 ℃, flash point 100 ℃. Soluble in ethanol, ether, propylene glycol and alkali, insoluble in water. Miscible in oils. Natural products are present in thyme oil (about 70%), oregano oil (about 80%), and oregano oil, among others. |
| Use | For the preparation of spices, fungicides and disinfectants, as spices for toothpaste, soap and other daily necessities, also used as food flavor |
499-75-2 - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | C - Corrosive |
| Risk Codes | R22 - Harmful if swallowed R34 - Causes burns |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) |
| UN IDs | UN 3265 8/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | FI1225000 |
| HS Code | 29071990 |
| Hazard Class | 8 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD orally in rabbits: 100 mg/kg (Kochmann) |
499-75-2 - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Huang, he, ye, chen, hui-min et al. Preliminary study on the effect of seven kinds of plant essential oils on the preservation of pitaya fruit [J]. Preservation and processing 2020 v.20;No.118(03):15-19 25. 2. Wang xiaojun, cheng tianyin. Effects of thymol and carvacrol on erythrocyte fragility in mice [J]. Progress in animal medicine, 2013, 34(005):128-130. 3. Wang xiaojun, jiang linlin, cheng tianyin. Effects of thymol and carvacrol on the morphological structure of bacteria [J]. Journal of animal and veterinary medicine, 2012, 3 (3):10-11. 4. Hua chunyang, li zhuoye, jin peng, etc. Preparation of carvacrol-casein nanoparticles and its inhibitory effect on loquat fruit anthracnose. 5. Hu yanfen, jiang wenbin, jiang linlin, etc. Study on antibacterial activity of high thymol and carvacrol in vitro [J]. Animal husbandry and veterinary science and technology information, 2010, 26 (10):107-107. 6. Zang Jia, Zang Junbo, Shi Junjun, etc. Study on the thermal stability of fennel volatile oil and screening of antioxidants [J]. Chinese journal of traditional chinese medicine, 2019, v.34(11):389-393. 7. Yujia, junbo zou, Runman shi, et al. Study on thermal stability of volatile oil from alpinia officinarum hance and screening of antioxidant [J]. Chinese condiment, 2019(9). 8. Zang Jia, Zang Junbo, Shi Junjun, etc. Study on the thermal stability of volatile oil from curcuma longa and its antioxidant screening [J]. Chinese pharmaceutical journal, 2019(15). 9. Xiaofei shen, Yu Wang, Xuzheng Zhou, Xiao Guo, Shuwei Dong, dongshen Wang, Jiyu Zhang, Pan, Yu Zhang, xiaoolou, acarical activity of opolano and its major component, carvacrol, thymol and p-cymene against Psoroptes cuniculi in vitro and in v 10. Hengqiang Zhao, Changjiangsheng Lai, Minmin Zhang, Siduo Zhou, Qian Liu, Daijie Wang, Yanling Geng, Xiao Wang,An improved 2D-HPLC-UF-ESI-TOF/MS approach for enrichment and comprehensive characterization of minor neuraminidase inhibitors from Flos Lonicera 11. Hengqiang Zhao, Changjiangsheng Lai, Minmin Zhang Siduo Zhou, Qian Liu, Daijie Wang, Yanling Geng, Xiao Wang,An improved 2D-HPLC-UF-ESI-TOF/MS approach for enrichment and comprehensive characterization of minor neuraminidase inhibitors from Flos Lonicera 12. [IF=9.147] Minna Luo et al."Sustained-release antimicrobial gelatin film: Effect of chia mucilage on physicochemical and antimicrobial properties."Food Hydrocolloid. 2019 Feb;87:783 13. [IF=2.738] Xiaofei Shang et al."Acaricidal activity of oregano oil and its major component, carvacrol, thymol and p-cymene against Psoroptes cuniculi in vitro and in vivo."Vet Parasitol. 2016 Aug;226:93 14. [IF=5.645] Meng Cheng et al."Effect of glyoxal concentration on the properties of corn starch/poly(vinyl alcohol)/carvacrol nanoemulsion active films."Ind Crop Prod. 2021 Nov;171:113864 15. [IF=3.935] Hengqiang Zhao et al."An improved 2D-HPLC-UF-ESI-TOF/MS approach for enrichment and comprehensive characterization of minor neuraminidase inhibitors from Flos Lonicerae Japonicae."J Pharmaceut Biomed. 2019 Oct;175:112758 |
499-75-2 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
A colorless or pale yellow viscous oily liquid, placed in the air can be oxidized to make the color darker, with a pungent odor similar to phenol. The molecular weight is 150.22, the boiling point is 236~237 ℃, the melting point is 0.5~1 ℃, the flash point is 100 ℃, the relative density is 0.983, the refractive index is 1. 5220. Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and other organic solvents. Natural products mainly exist in oregano oil, thyme oil, camphor oil, perilla oil and so on.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
499-75-2 - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
from the content of more than 60% of oregano oil with alkali treatment, and then Organic Solvent extraction or steam distillation can be obtained.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:14:39
499-75-2 - Application
Open Data Verified Data
It is mainly used for the preparation of vanilla essence.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
499-75-2 - Reference Information
| FEMA | 2245 | CARVACROL |
| LogP | 3.33-3.49 |
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| Flavors and fragrances | Carvacrol is an isomer of thymol, and its aroma is similar to thymol, so it is also called isothymol. Carvacrol naturally exists in essential oils such as thyme oil, especially in thyme oil produced in Spain. Carvacrol is mainly used to prepare dill, clove, mint and vanilla flavors, toothpaste, tooth powder, oral products, talcum powder, soap and daily industrial products. It is used as a local anesthetic in medicine. In addition, carvacrol can kill bacteria and intestinal parasites, and can be used as a disinfectant and fungicide. |
| chemical composition | thyme is also called thyme. Produced in Northeast, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang provinces. Ingredients: Thyme grass contains about 0.15 ~ 0.5% volatile oil (carvacrol, paracolamine, thymol), bitter taste and tannin. Leaves contain free oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, caffeic acid, etc. |
| efficacy and function | thyme can not only be used as medicine for health care, can be used as seasoning, but also is a superior natural health care raw material for processed foods. Since the 1980s, herbal foods such as thyme have become popular. Relevant studies have shown that the volatile oil contained in thyme has the functions of antiseptic and bacteriostatic in addition to taste and disease. Therefore, using it as a food ingredient can benefit eaters a lot. Because of this, thyme is naturally indispensable in European medicinal teas. For example, a medicinal tea with cough relieving and bronchitis prevention effect has 10% thyme leaves. |
| content analysis | determined by non-polar column method according to GT-10-4. |
| toxicity | GRAS(FEMA). LD50 810mg/kg (rat, oral). |
| use limit | FEMA(mg/kg): soft drink 26; Cold drink 34; Candy 92; Baked food 120; Condiment 37. Moderate limit (FDA § 172.515,2000). permitted use (GB 2760-1996). |
| use | spices. It is mainly used for preparing dill, clove, wormwood, meat, mint, vanilla essence, etc. Carvacrol can be used to prepare spices, fungicides and disinfectants. It is used as a spice for daily necessities such as toothpaste and soap, and also used as an edible flavor. Used for spices, food additives, feed additives, antioxidants, sanitary fungicides, insect repellents, preservatives, deodorants, pharmaceutical intermediates |
| production method | is obtained by treating natural essential oil rich in carvacrol with alkali solution, then extracting with ether or distilled with steam. It is obtained by sulfonation of p-thymol and then alkali treatment. |
| category | pesticide |
| toxicity classification | poisoning |
| acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 810 mg/kg; Intravenous-mouse LD50: 80 mg/kg |
| stimulation data | skin-rabbit 500 mg/24 hours severe |
| flammability hazard characteristics | when exposed to heat, open flame, strong oxidant is combustible; thermal decomposition is spicy and stimulates smoke |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse low temperature ventilation and drying; Anti-open flame, high temperature, separate from oxidant |
| fire extinguishing agent | fog, carbon dioxide, foam, dry powder |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:41:03
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