133-37-9
DL-Tartaric Acid
CAS: 133-37-9;138508-61-9
Molecular Formula: C4H6O6
133-37-9 - Names and Identifiers
133-37-9 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C4H6O6 |
| Molar Mass | 150.09 |
| Density | 1.788 |
| Melting Point | 210-212°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 191.59°C (rough estimate) |
| Specific Rotation(α) | [α]D20 -0.2～+0.2° (c=20, H2O) |
| Flash Point | 210 °C |
| JECFA Number | 621 |
| Water Solubility | soluble |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, ethanol, ether, insoluble in chloroform. |
| Appearance | White crystal |
| Color | White |
| Merck | 14,9069 |
| BRN | 1725148 |
| pKa | 3.03, 4.37(at 25℃) |
| PH | 3.19(1 mM solution);2.58(10 mM solution);2.03(100 mM solution); |
| Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with bases, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, silver. |
| Sensitive | Easily absorbing moisture |
| Refractive Index | 1.5860 (estimate) |
| MDL | MFCD00071626 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless crystals or white crystalline powder, odorless, sour taste. It is a mixture of equal amounts of dextrorotatory and levorotatory tartaric acid, often containing one or two crystals of water, which is lost when heated to 100°C. Stable in air, density 1.697, its solubility in water 20.6(20°C), ether solubility of about 1%, ethanol solubility of 5.01(25°C). |
| Use | Widely used in food, medicine, chemical, light industry and other industries. For example, as a beer foaming agent, food acidulant, flavoring agent, used for cool drinks, candy, fruit juice, sauce, cold dishes, baking powder, etc., its sour taste is 1.3 times that of citric acid, especially suitable for the acidulant of grape juice. In tanning, photography, glass, enamel, telecommunications equipment and other industries also have a very important role. |
133-37-9 - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 29181200 |
133-37-9 - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Yang Xinyue, Yang Yuchi, Zhou Xiujuan, Xue Guixin. Optimization of Fermentation Conditions of Citrus Fruit Vinegar and Its Composition Analysis [J]. Chinese condiment, 2020,45(10):75-79. 2. [IF = 7.514] Hongcai Li et al."Study on the nutritional characteristics and antioxidant activity of dealcoholized sequentially fermented apple juice with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation." Food Chem. 2021 Nov;363:130351 3. [IF = 6.429] Limei Wang et al."Changes in cell wall metabolism and flavor qualities of mushrooms (Agaricus bernardii) under EMAP treatments during storage." Food Packaging Shelf. 2021 Sep;29:100732 4. [IF = 5.64] Li Jie et al."Investigation of the Lactic Acid Bacteria in Kazak Cheese and Their Contributions to Cheese Fermentation." Front Microbiol. 2020 Mar;0:228 5. [IF = 4.556] Dandan Zhao et al."Physico-chemical properties and free amino acids profiles of six wolfberry cultivars in Zhongning." J Food Compos Anal. 2020 May;88:103460 6. [IF = 3.638] Nan Sun et al."Assessment of chemical constitution and aroma properties of kiwi wines obtained from pure and mixed fermentation with Wickerhamomyces anomalus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae." J Sci Food Agr. 2022 Jan;102(1):175-184 |
133-37-9 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
There are two asymmetric carbon atoms in the tartaric acid molecule, and there are four isomers, namely dextrorotatory, levorotatory, racemic and meso-tartaric acid. Industrial production is the largest racemic tartaric acid, colorless crystals, melting point of 206 ℃,210 ℃ decomposition, relative density of 1. 788. Soluble in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in ether, insoluble in benzene.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
133-37-9 - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
- maleic anhydride oxidation method maleic anhydride reacts with hydrogen peroxide solution under the action of tungstic acid to generate epoxysuccinic acid, which is then hydrolyzed to obtain tartaric acid, and then cooled, crystallized, separated and dried to obtain a pure product.
- The Tartar method is based on the raw material of the crude tartar in the brewing of wine, which is processed into calcium tartrate by milk of lime and then acidified by sulfuric acid.
Last Update：2022-01-01 10:31:59
133-37-9 - Standard
Authoritative Data Verified Data
This product is 2, 3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid. Calculated as dried product, the content of C4Hs0 6 shall not be less than 99.5%.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
133-37-9 - Trait
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- This product is white or off-white particles or crystalline or crystalline powder.
- This product is soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:24:49
133-37-9 - Introduction
Strong acid flavor. There are three stereoisomers of tartaric acid: D-tartaric acid, L-tartaric acid and meso-tartaric acid. The optical rotation of the mixture of the same amount of right-handed body and left-handed body cancels each other and is called racemic tartaric acid. The racemate does not exist in nature and can be synthesized by chemistry. All kinds of tartaric acid are colorless crystals that are easily soluble in water.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:13:26
133-37-9 - Application
Open Data Verified Data
It is mainly used as a food acidulant, and its salts are used for mirror silver plating and Metal Treatment. In the textile industry, tartaric acid is used as a mordant to control the release of chlorine from bleaching powder. It is used in medicine to make sincofen. In addition, tartaric acid can also be used in the leather and telecommunications equipment industry.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
133-37-9 - Differential diagnosis
Authoritative Data Verified Data
- take about l g of this product, add 10ml of water to dissolve, and the solution should make the blue litmus test paper red.
- about 1g of this product was taken, dissolved with a small amount of water, adjusted to Neutral with sodium hydroxide solution, and diluted to 20ml with water as the test solution. Take 5 m l of sulfuric acid pre-added with 2~3 drops of 2% resorcinol solution and 2~3 drops of 10% potassium bromide solution, and add 2~3 drops of test solution, water Bath 4 heating 5~10 minutes, the solution should be dark blue; Cold, the solution poured excess water, the solution should be red.
- The infrared absorption spectrum of this product should be consistent with that of DL-tartaric acid reference product (General rule 0402).
- identification reaction of tartrate in aqueous solution of this product (2) (General rule 0301).
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:24:50
133-37-9 - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
- This product has low toxicity. It is more acidic and corrosive to teeth. It is reported that when the operator works in an environment with a concentration of 1. 1mg/m3, tooth damage will occur and gastritis will be caused. Therefore, the operation site to have good ventilation conditions, production equipment to do without leakage.
- packed in plastic bags lined with woven or hemp bags, each with a net weight of 25kg or 50kg. Keep away from oxidants and fire sources, and do not store with liquid alkali. Be protected from rain and moisture, and store in a dry and cool place. According to the general provisions of the storage and transportation of chemicals.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
133-37-9 - Exam
Authoritative Data Verified Data
clarity and color of solution
take this product l .O g, Add 10ml of water to dissolve, check according to law (General rule 0901 and general rule 0921), the solution should be clear and colorless; If the color is colored, compare with the yellow No. 2 Standard Colorimetric solution (General rule 0901, first method), not deeper.
optical rotation
take this product, precision weighing, adding water to dissolve and quantitatively dilute to make about O per lm l. lg solution, determined according to law (General rule 0621), specific rotation should be a 0. 10. To +0.10.
chloride
take 0.5g of this product and check it according to law (General rule 0801). Compared with the control solution made of 5.0 ml of standard sodium chloride solution, it should not be more concentrated (0. 01%).
sulfate
take this product 2.0g, check according to law (General rule 0802), compared with the standard potassium sulfate solution 3. Oml made of the control solution, not more concentrated (0. 015%).
oxalate
take 0.8g of this product, add 4M l of water to dissolve, add 3ml of hydrochloric acid and l g of zinc, boil for 1 minute, place for 2 minutes, add 1% phenylhydrazine hydrochloride solution 0 .2 5 m l, heated to boiling, rapid cooling, transfer the solution to the Nessler colorimetric tube, add equal volume of hydrochloric acid and 5% potassium ferricyanide solution 0 .2.5 m l, shake well, place for 30 minutes, and then take oxalic acid (C2 H20 4 • 2H20) with standard oxalic acid solution. O m g, diluted with water to 1 0 0m l, shake well, each lm l containing (: 24 70 tons of 2) 4. Compared with the control solution made by the same method, the red color produced by 0M l should not be deeper (0. 035%).
easy oxide
take this product 1. Og, add water 2 5M l and sulfuric acid solution (1 -20) 2 5M l to dissolve, keep the solution at 20°C ± l t: condition, add 0. 02mo l/L potassium permanganate solution 4. O m l, the purple color of the solution should not disappear within 3 minutes under static conditions.
loss on drying
take this product, dry to constant weight at 105°C, and lose no more than 0. 5% of weight (General rule 0831).
burning residue
The l .O g of this product shall be taken for inspection according to law (General rule 0841), and the remaining residue shall not exceed.
calcium salt
10ml of water was added to dissolve l .O g of this product, and 20ml of 5% sodium acetate solution was added. Take alcohol to prepare standard calcium solution (precision weighing calcium carbonate 2.50g, put in 1000ml measuring flask, add 5ml o l/L acetic acid solution 12ml, add appropriate amount of water to dissolve and dilute to the scale, shake, as calcium stock solution. Immediately before use, take 10ml of calcium stock solution, put it in a 100ml measuring flask, dilute it to the scale with ethanol, and shake well. Ca0.lmg per lm l) 0 .2 m l, put in Nessler's colorimetric tube, add 4% ammonium oxalate solution lm l, 1 min later, add 2 m p l/L acetic acid solution lm l and 15ml of test solution, shake well, place it for 15 minutes, mix it with standard calcium solution (before use, accurately measure the calcium stock solution lm l, put it in a 100ml measuring flask, dilute it to the scale with water, and shake well,
Ca 10W per lm l) 10. O m l, add 2 mmol/L acetic acid solution lm l and water 5m l made in the same method of control solution, should not be more concentrated (0.02%).
Heavy metals
The residue left under the item of taking the ignition residue shall not contain more than 10 parts per million of heavy metal when examined by law (General Principles 0821, Law II).
arsenic salt
take this product l .O g, add water 23ml and hydrochloric acid 5M l to dissolve, check according to law (General rule 0822 first law), should comply with the provisions (0.0002%).
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:24:50
133-37-9 - Content determination
Authoritative Data Verified Data
take about 0.6 5 g of this product, weigh it accurately, add 2 5 m l of water to dissolve, add several drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution, and titrate with sodium hydroxide titration solution (lm o l/L). Each l m l sodium hydroxide titration solution (lm o l/L) corresponds to 75. 0 4 m g of C4H60 6.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:24:51
133-37-9 - Category
Authoritative Data Verified Data
pharmaceutical excipients, p H value regulator and effervescent agent.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:24:51
133-37-9 - Storage
Authoritative Data Verified Data
light shielding and sealed storage.
Last Update：2022-01-01 11:24:51
133-37-9 - Reference Information
| FEMA | 3044 | TARTARIC ACID (D-, L-, DL-, MESO-) |
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| overview | DL-tartaric acid, also known as 2, 3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, molecular formula: C4H6O6nH2O (crystalline product: n = 1, anhydrous product n = 0), colorless crystalline or white crystalline powder in appearance, odorless and sour. It is a mixture of the same amount of right-handed and L-tartaric acid. It often contains one or two crystal water, and loses water when heated to 100°C. It is stable in air, has a 1.697 density, its solubility in water is 20.6(20°C), the solubility in ether is about 1%, and the solubility in ethanol is 5.01(25°C). It is widely used in food industry, such as beer foaming agent, food sour agent, flavoring agent, cool beverage, candy, fruit juice, sauce, cold vegetables, baking powder, etc. Its sour taste is 1.3 times that of citric acid, and it is especially suitable as sour agent for grape juice. |
| properties | DL-tartaric acid is colorless transparent prismatic crystals, or white fine to coarse crystalline powder. It has the aroma of grapes and white lemon. Sour taste. Stable in the air. No hygroscopicity. The acidity is about 1.2~1.3 times that of citric acid. Easily soluble in water, insoluble in chloroform. |
| use | DL-tartaric acid can be used as sour agent, chelating agent, antioxidant synergist, flavoring agent, quick-acting leavening agent acidic substance, food pigment dilution, curing agent. DL-tartaric acid is widely used in food, medicine, chemical industry, light industry and other industries. It is mainly used in the manufacture of tartaric acid salts. It is used as a sour agent for beer foaming agent, food sour agent, flavoring agent and grape juice in the food industry. It is also used for tanning, photography, glass, enamel, telecommunications equipment, etc. It is used to make tartaric acid salts, as pH stabilizer in electroplating blueprint, as sour agent in food industry, mainly as complexing agent in industry, and also as medicine as experimental reagent, masking agent and beer foaming agent, and also used in tanning industry widely used in food, medicine, chemical industry, light industry and other industries. For example, as a beer foaming agent, food sour agent, flavoring agent, used for refreshing drinks, candy, fruit juice, sauce, cold vegetables, baking powder, etc., its sour taste is 1.3 times that of citric acid, especially suitable for grape juice sour agent. It also plays a very important role in tanning, photography, glass, enamel, telecommunications equipment and other industries. as sour agent, the acidity is 1.2~1.3 times stronger than citric acid. It has high solubility and strong chelating ability to metal ions. It can be used in various foods and can be used in an appropriate amount according to production needs. It has a flavoring effect on wine, but it is weaker than citric acid. It is generally used in combination with other organic acids such as citric acid or malic acid. This product is widely used in food, medicine, chemical industry, light industry and other industries. It is mainly used to manufacture tartaric acid salts, such as antimony potassium tartrate, potassium sodium tartrate, etc. Its salts are used for mirror silver plating and metal treatment. Used in the food industry as a beer foaming agent, food sour agent, flavoring agent, etc. Its sour taste is 1.3 times that of citric acid, and it is especially suitable as a sour agent for grape juice. In the textile industry, tartaric acid is used as a mordant to control the release of chlorine from bleaching powder. It is used in medicine to make cincopene. The product was identified as an excellent food additive by the FAO/WHO Expert Committee. It also plays a very important role in tanning, photography, glass, enamel, telecommunications equipment and other industries. Analytical reagents are widely used in qualitative and quantitative analysis. They are used as masking agents for masking, iron, aluminum, titanium and tungsten during precipitation. Dissolve certain melts and test or determine potassium salts. |
| scope of use | according to national standards, the recommended dosage is 1‰ to 3. |
| reference quality index | BP98 version index name index content% 99.5-101.0 calcium salt ≤ % 0.02 heavy metal (based on Pb) ≤ % 0.001 chloride (Cl)≤ % 0.01 sulfate (SO4)≤ % 0.015 oxalate (C2O4 )≤ % 0.035 loss on drying ≤ %(100-105°C constant weight) 0.2 GB15358-94 project index monohydrate DL-tartaric acid content (based on dry basis),%≥ 99.5 melting point range 200-206°C sulfate (calculated as SO4)%≤ 0.04 heavy metal Pb%≤ 0.001 arsenic (calculated as)%≤ 0.0002 oxide acceptable heating reduction% ≤ 11.5 ignition residue% ≤ 0.10 anhydrous DL-tartaric acid content (calculated as dry basis),%≥ 99.5 melting point range 200-260°C sulfate (calculated as SO4)%≤ 0.04 heavy metal Pb%≤ 0.001 arsenic (calculated as)%≤ 0.0002 oxide eligible heating reduction% ≤ 0.5 ignition residue% ≤ 0.10 |
| production method | 1. maleic anhydride oxidation method maleic anhydride reacts with hydrogen peroxide solution under the action of tungstic acid to generate epoxy succinic acid, which is then hydrolyzed to obtain tartaric acid, and then cooled, crystallized, separated and dried to obtain pure products. 2. The tartrate method uses crude tartrate when making wine as raw material, is processed into calcium tartrate by lime milk, and then acidified by sulfuric acid. The industrial production methods of tartaric acid include extraction method, chemical synthesis method, semi-synthesis method and fermentation method. 1 extraction method 5 parts of crude tartar and 1~1.5 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid are added to 100 parts of water, heated to dissolve, and filtered while hot. After the filtrate is cooled, potassium hydrogen tartrate crystals are precipitated. 8-20 parts of potassium hydrogen tartrate and 100 parts of water at 100 ℃, slowly add calcium carbonate powder until the Ph value is 7.0, then add calcium chloride to obtain calcium tartrate, filter and wash with cold water. Add 4 times of water to the calcium tartrate precipitate, then slowly add sulfuric acid for acidolysis, and filter to remove the precipitate. The filtrate is decolorized with activated carbon at 60~70 ℃, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure at 80 ℃, cooled and crystallized, and finally recrystallized with water in a non-iron container to obtain the finished product. 2KHC4H4O6[CaCO3]→ CaC4H4O6 K2C4H4O6[CaCl2]→ CaC4H4O6[H2SO4]→ H2C4H4O62. The chemical synthesis method uses maleic acid and hydrogen peroxide as raw materials, converts into epoxysuccinic acid at 70 ℃, and then hydrolyzes at 100 ℃ to obtain DL-tartaric acid 3. Semi-synthesis method Semi-synthesis method is a combination of chemical synthesis method and enzymatic method (or fermentation method), that is, epoxysuccinic acid is first prepared by the above synthesis method, and then it is converted into dextrorotatory L() tartaric acid by the ring-opening enzyme contained in Norka succinate. |
| spontaneous combustion temperature | 425°C |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:52:54
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