Name | n-Butyllithium |
Synonyms | N-BULI butyl-lithiu LITHIUMBUTYL BUTYLLITHIUM N-BUTYLLITHIUM Lithiumn-butyl n-Butyllithium LITHIUM-1-BUTANIDE Butyllithium solution ButyllithiuminhexaneM |
CAS | 109-72-8 |
EINECS | 203-698-7 |
InChI | InChI=1/C4H9.Li/c1-3-4-2;/h1,3-4H2,2H3;/rC4H9Li/c1-2-3-4-5/h2-4H2,1H3 |
Molecular Formula | C4H9Li |
Molar Mass | 64.06 |
Density | 0.68g/mLat 20°C |
Melting Point | -95 °C |
Boling Point | 80°C |
Flash Point | 10°F |
Water Solubility | vigorous reaction |
Solubility | Miscible with diethyl ether and cyclohexane. |
Appearance | liquid |
Specific Gravity | 0.695 |
Color | yellow |
Odor | Odor of the solvent |
Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 50 ppm (Skin)OSHA: TWA 500 ppm(1800 mg/m3)NIOSH: IDLH 1100 ppm; TWA 50 ppm(180 mg/m3) |
BRN | 1209227 |
Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
Sensitive | Air & Moisture Sensitive |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Density 0.68 boiling point 60-80°C flash point -21°C water-soluble vigolous reaction |
Risk Codes | R17 - Spontaneously flammable in air R34 - Causes burns R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R62 - Possible risk of impaired fertility R65 - Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallowed R67 - Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness R63 - Possible risk of harm to the unborn child R35 - Causes severe burns R11 - Highly Flammable R15 - Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R66 - Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking |
Safety Description | S6 - Keep under ... (there follows the name of an inert gas). S9 - Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S62 - If swallowed, do not induce vomitting; seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S46 - If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. S43 - In case of fire use ... (there follows the type of fire-fighting equipment to be used.) S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S29 - Do not empty into drains. S5 - Keep contents under ... (there follows the name of a liquid). |
UN IDs | UN 3399 4.3/PG 1 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3-10 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 29319090 |
Hazard Class | 4.3 |
Packing Group | I |
Toxicity | There is little toxicity data available for the butyllithiums; for data on ether and hydrocarbon solvents, see the appropriate LCSSs. |
n-butyl lithium is a colorless or yellowish transparent liquid, stable at room temperature, and heat to eliminate lithium hydride. It decomposes in water, dissolves in hydrocarbons and ethers, forms complexes with ethers, amines and thioethers, uses n-hexane as solvent, and has a density of 0.675g /ml. Generally, dilute solutions with molar concentrations ranging from 1.0M-1.3M are prepared with mass percentage concentrations ranging from 9% to 13%. They are widely used in organic catalytic reactions of pharmaceutical intermediates, liquid crystal monomers, pesticides and rubber industries.
Using n-butyl lithium (BuLi) as the initiator, tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the structure regulator, tin tetrachloride (SnCl4) as the coupling agent to synthesize integrated rubber SIBR, integrated rubber SIBR is a new type of rubber used for treads. Its notable feature is that the molecular chain is composed of segments with multiple structures. The segments with different structures provide different properties to the rubber, at the same time, it can also reduce the rolling friction resistance and improve the wear resistance of the tire; while the rigid chain segment increases the wet grip of the rubber and improves the safety of the tire on wet and slippery roads, which makes SIBR the most comprehensive performance so far. Diolefin rubber. Due to its excellent comprehensive performance, SIBR is considered as the hot rubber of this century and has a bright development prospect.
Preparation method of ether solution
Under the protection of anhydrous and oxygen-free nitrogen, in a 500 ml dry three-neck flask equipped with a stirrer, a low-temperature thermometer, an air duct, a drying tube and a drip funnel, add 200 ml of anhydrous ether and cut 8.6g (1.25 mol) of lithium wire, and drop 30 drops of 68.5g (0.50 mol) of n-bromobutane and 100 ml of anhydrous ether under stirring. When it is cooled to -10 ℃ in the dry ice-acetone bath, the reaction starts when the solution becomes turbid and the lithium wire shows bright spots with metallic luster. The remaining n-bromobutane solution was added within 30 minutes. Then slowly warm to 0-10 ℃, and continue stirring for 1-2 hours. Filter through a glass tube stuffed with glass filaments under nitrogen protection, and transfer the ether solution of n-butyl lithium to a pre-rinsed nitrogen container for storage, with a yield of 80-90%.
The preparation method of n-hexane solution
Under nitrogen protection, add 120 ml of n-hexane solution, 4.8 grams (0.7 moles) of lithium wire, and drop 29.6 grams (0.32mmol) of n-butane to a three-mouth flask equipped with a dropping funnel, a thermometer and a condenser tube., Slowly raise the temperature and maintain a steady boiling. It takes about 1 hour to complete the dropwise addition, continue the reflux reaction for 1.5 hours, cool, stand overnight, filter under.
precautions
N-butyl lithium is sensitive to air and water. Please store the product in a closed, dry, low temperature (2-8 ℃) environment.
Long-term storage may produce a small amount of turbidity, which is a normal phenomenon and does not affect the use of the product.
When using a syringe to extract the solution, a nitrogen balloon should be connected with an injection needle at the mouth of the bottle to balance the pressure change when n-butyl lithium is sucked out.
The reaction system of n-butyl lithium needs to maintain a nitrogen environment to prevent air and water from entering. The solvent used should be anhydrous or ultra-dry solvent.
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, away from fire and heat sources. The temperature of the warehouse shall not exceed 30 ℃ and the relative humidity shall not exceed 80%. The package must be sealed and must not be exposed to moisture. Should be stored separately with acids, alcohols, etc., do not mix storage. It should not be stored in large quantities or for a long time. Explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities shall be adopted. It is forbidden to use mechanical equipment and tools that are easy to produce sparks. The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and suitable containment materials.
Quickly evacuate the personnel from the leakage pollution area to the safety area, isolate them and strictly restrict access. Cut off the fire source. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and protective clothing. Do not touch the leak directly. Cut off the leak source as much as possible.
Small leakage: Absorb with sand, vermiculite or other inert material.
A large number of leaks: build a dam or dig a pit for containment. Transfer to tanker or special collector with explosion-proof pump, recycle or transport to waste treatment site for disposal.
Respiratory protection: It is recommended to wear a self-inhaling filtering respirator (full face mask) when exposed to poisons. In case of emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear air respirator.
Eye protection: protection has been made in respiratory system protection.
Body protection: Wear tape protective clothing.
Hand protection: Wear rubber gloves.
Other: Smoking is strictly prohibited on the job site. After work, shower and change clothes.
Skin Contact: Immediately remove contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of flowing water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.
Eye Contact: Immediately lift the eyelid and rinse thoroughly with plenty of flowing water or saline for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention.
Inhalation: Quickly leave the site to fresh air. Keep the airway unobstructed. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical attention.
ingestion: gargle with water and drink milk or egg white. Seek medical attention.
1. Flammability: n-butyl lithium is a strong combustible substance that can burn in the air and produce flammable vapors. It should be kept away from open flames, high temperatures, and sources of ignition.
2. Corrosiveness: n-butyl lithium has strong corrosiveness and can react violently with water, releasing intense and rapid hydrogen gas. When handling, avoid contact with environments with high moisture or humidity.
3. Irritation to skin and eyes: n-butyl lithium is irritating to the skin and eyes. If you accidentally come into contact with n-butyl lithium, you should immediately rinse with plenty of water and seek medical help.
4. Toxicity: n-butyl lithium has low toxicity to the human body. However, correct operating procedures should still be followed during use and handling to avoid inhaling its vapors or coming into contact with the skin.
5. Packaging and storage: n-butyl lithium is usually stored in an anhydrous solution or organic solvent form and should be stored in a closed, dry, and cool place. When storing, it should be separated from other flammable substances, oxidants, and acidic substances, and avoid direct sunlight exposure.
In summary, for the use and handling of n-butyl lithium, it is necessary to follow correct operating procedures and pay attention to personal protective measures, such as wearing protective glasses, gloves, and goggles, to ensure safety and minimize risks.