Vitamin K2 (generic)
vitamin K2
CAS: 11032-49-8
Molecular Formula: C31H40O2
Vitamin K2 (generic) - Names and Identifiers
| Name | vitamin K2 |
| Synonyms | Vitamin K2 vitamin K2 MENAQUINONE Vitamin K 2 Menaquinones MENAQUINONE 4 Vitamin K2 (generic) VitaminK2(20),Menatetreone VITAMIN K2(MENAQUINONE)(PRIMARY STANDARD) 2-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl]-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione |
| CAS | 11032-49-8 |
| EINECS | 234-264-5 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C21H24O2/c1-14(2)8-7-9-15(3)12-13-17-16(4)20(22)18-10-5-6-11-19(18)21(17)23/h5-6,8,10-12H,7,9,13H2,1-4H3/b15-12+ |
Vitamin K2 (generic) - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C31H40O2 |
| Molar Mass | 444.65 |
| Density | 1.045g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 54 °C |
| Boling Point | 448.6°C at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point | 167.2°C |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water, easily soluble in organic solvents and vegetable oils |
| Vapor Presure | 3.06E-08mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | yellow viscous oily liquid |
| Storage Condition | −20°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.548 |
| MDL | MFCD00079646 |
Vitamin K2 (generic) - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | QL9279500 |
Vitamin K2 (generic) - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Huang Dilin, Li Sang. Determination of Vitamin K_2 in Health Food by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection [J]. Journal of Food Safety and Quality Testing, 2020, v.11(10):144-148. |
Vitamin K2 (generic) - Reference Information
| vitamin | In 1929, Daim discovered that there are two kinds of vitamin K in nature, K1 and K2, both of which are naphthoquinone compounds. Vitamin K2 is a kind of containing menadione basic structure and has anti-bleeding effect of naturally occurring vitamin, at room temperature for yellow crystals or oily liquid, insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents and vegetable oils, heat resistance, but easily destroyed by light. It can promote the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver, regulate the synthesis of coagulation factors VII, IX, and X, thereby accelerating blood coagulation. In addition, it plays an important role in glucose phosphorylation in cells. In some bacteria (such as mycobacteria), it can be used as a component of the respiratory chain. After lack, the clotting time is prolonged, so when there is trauma, it will bleed. Bacteria in the intestines of humans and animals can be synthesized, so it is generally not easy to get deficiency. Liver, fish, meat and green leafy vegetables such as cabbage and spinach are rich in content. This product can be synthesized by microorganisms, including animal intestinal bacteria, and can also be extracted from spoiled fish meal. Vitamin K is physiologically related to coagulation. The name of vitamin K comes from the first letter of Koagulation (coagulation) to mean "coagulation. There are two groups of natural vitamin K compounds, which are phylloquinone (vitamin K1) and methyl naphthinone (vitamin K2). The former is found in green-leaved plants and the latter is synthesized by bacteria. The synthetic compound menadione, namely α-methyl -1,4 naphthoquinone, is called vitamin K3. This cyclic compound is the basic structure of the natural vitamin K family, and its biological activity is higher than vitamin K1 and K2. Vitamin K is stable to heat, but it is easily destroyed by light and alkali. It should be protected from light when stored. The absorption of vitamin K requires bile and pancreatic juice. The labeled phylloquinone experiment proves that the absorption rate of vitamin K in normal people is about 80%, while that in patients with fat malabsorption is 20 ~ 30%. The absorbed vitamin K is sent into the blood by chylomicrons and is transported in the blood with β-lipoprotein. Vitamin K appeared in large quantities in the liver 1~2 hours after intake, and other tissues such as kidney, heart, skin and muscle also increased, and decreased after 24 hours. Human intestinal bacteria synthesize vitamin K, and some of them can be used by the human body, becoming an important source of vitamin K for the human body. |
| physiological function | the main physiological function of vitamin k is to promote the liver to produce prothrombin (coagulation factor ii), which also regulates the formation of coagulation factors VII, IX and X. Vitamin K deficiency, prolonged blood clotting time, severe bleeding can occur. It has been identified that there is a prothrombin precursor in the liver. The synthesis of this precursor does not require vitamin K. The physiological function of vitamin K is to convert this prothrombin precursor into thrombin. The difference between prothrombin precursor and prothrombin has been clarified at the molecular level. The glutamate in the amino acid residues at the end of prothrombin is all γ-carboxyglutamate, while the prothrombin precursor is all glutamate. Under the influence of vitamin K, the glutamic acid in the terminal amino acid residue of the prothrombin precursor is completely carboxylated to γ-carboxyglutamic acid, and it is proved that H14CO3-is involved in the residue of γ-carboxyl. 2,3 epoxides of vitamin K are metabolites of vitamin K in the liver. After animals are treated with acetone benzyl hydroxycoumarin (warfarin), epoxides are produced in large quantities in the liver. The anticoagulant effect of acetone benzyl hydroxycoumarin is to inhibit the reductase that reduces epoxide to vitamin K, thereby blocking the mutual conversion of vitamin K and its epoxide in the body, and stopping vitamin K in the synthesis of thrombin The activity of the element. Vitamin K also participates in redox in the body. It is a component of the respiratory chain. It is located between flavanase and cytochrome and participates in the process of electron transfer and oxidative phosphorylation. When vitamin K is deficient, ATP and creatine phosphate content and ATP enzyme activity in muscle are significantly decreased. Vitamin K increases intestinal peristalsis and secretory function, and the ability of smooth muscle to stretch and contract is weakened when vitamin K is lacking. |
| function and use | natural vitamins include vitamin K1 and vitamin K2, which are derived from plant foods and produced by intestinal bacteria respectively. they are fat-soluble and need bile to assist in absorption. The artificially synthesized vitamins K3 and K4 are water-soluble and do not need bile to assist in absorption. Vitamin K is an essential substance for the synthesis of coagulation factors II, VII, IX and X, thus promoting the coagulation process. When vitamin K is deficient, the synthesis of the above coagulation factors is impaired, which affects the coagulation process and causes bleeding. This product also has analgesic effect, and the mechanism of action may be mediated by opioid receptors and endogenous opioids. Suitable for hemostasis: obstructive jaundice, biliary fistula, chronic diarrhea, hemorrhage in newborns, premature infants, and secondary vitamin K deficiency caused by long-term application of broad-spectrum antibiotics and sulfonamides, and excessive application of coumarins, Bleeding caused by salicylic acids. Analgesia: used for biliary colic caused by cholelithiasis and biliary ascariasis. Large doses can save the "dirat sodium" poisoning. Broad-spectrum antibiotic abuse inhibits the synthesis of vitamin K by intestinal bacteria, and reduces the synthesis of prothrombin and other coagulation factors caused by liver diseases. |
| Human body requirements and food sources | In general, humans rarely lack vitamin K. However, when biliary obstruction, diarrhea and other diseases cause fat indigestion, or long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics inhibits the growth of intestinal bacteria, it may cause vitamin K deficiency. Neonatal intestinal tract lacks bacteria that synthesize vitamin K, and thrombin in blood is low, which is about the 20% of adults. Sometimes, in order to prevent the newborn from lacking vitamin K before labor, pregnant women are injected with vitamin K or the newborn baby is supplemented with vitamin K. the results of human experiments show that the daily intake of 0.1 μg of vitamin k per kilogram of body weight cannot maintain the normal level of thrombin. 0.5 μg of vitamin k per kilogram of body weight is given daily, and blood coagulation returns to normal. Each person takes 10 μg of vitamin K per day for 20 weeks, and thrombin in blood decreases. Daily intake of 1 μg of vitamin K per kilogram of body weight is enough to maintain thrombin at normal level. The requirement of vitamin K for human body is 0.5~1.0 μg per kilogram of body weight per day. Vitamin K is widely distributed in food, with green leafy vegetables being the most abundant. Animal liver is also a good source of vitamin K. |
| biological activity | Vitamin K2 is an endogenous metabolite. |
Last Update：2024-04-09 20:52:54
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View History
Vitamin K2 (generic)
CL 316243(BTA 243)
Aids004771
N-(9-OXO-9H-THIOXANTHEN-2-YL)-3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)BENZENECARBOXAMIDE
1,1'-联萘-8,8'-二甲酸
1-(3-ethoxypropyl)-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]thiourea
5beta,9betaH,10alpha-Labda-8(20),13(16),14-trien-18-oic acid, 15,16-ep oxy-, methyl ester
防雷达涂料(I)
DIMETHYL ACETONE DICARBOXYLATE
Benzeneacetamide, α-hydroxy-3,5-bis[(2-hydroxyacetyl)amino]-2,4,6-triiodo-
CL 316243(BTA 243)
Aids004771
N-(9-OXO-9H-THIOXANTHEN-2-YL)-3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)BENZENECARBOXAMIDE
1,1'-联萘-8,8'-二甲酸
1-(3-ethoxypropyl)-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]thiourea
5beta,9betaH,10alpha-Labda-8(20),13(16),14-trien-18-oic acid, 15,16-ep oxy-, methyl ester
防雷达涂料(I)
DIMETHYL ACETONE DICARBOXYLATE
Benzeneacetamide, α-hydroxy-3,5-bis[(2-hydroxyacetyl)amino]-2,4,6-triiodo-