Name | Purpurogallin |
Synonyms | AKOS 209-004 Purpurogallin PURPUROGALLIN PURPUROGALLINE PURPUROGALLIN(RG) 2,3,4,6-TETRAHYDROXY-BENZOCYCLOHEPTEN-5-ONE BENZOCYCLOHEPTENE-5-ONE,2,3,4,6-TETRAHYDROXY- 2,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-5h-benzocycloheptene-5-on 2,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-5h-benzocycloheptene-5-one |
CAS | 569-77-7 |
EINECS | 209-324-9 |
InChI | InChI=1/C11H8O5/c12-6-3-1-2-5-4-7(13)10(15)11(16)8(5)9(6)14/h1-4,13,15-16H,(H,12,14) |
Molecular Formula | C11H8O5 |
Molar Mass | 220.18 |
Density | 1.3824 (rough estimate) |
Melting Point | 275°C (dec.)(lit.) |
Boling Point | 321.11°C (rough estimate) |
Flash Point | 184.5°C |
Solubility | DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly) |
Vapor Presure | 1.46E-06mmHg at 25°C |
Appearance | Solid |
Color | Very Dark Brown |
Merck | 7946 |
pKa | 6.75±0.20(Predicted) |
Storage Condition | −20°C |
Stability | Air Sensitive |
Refractive Index | 1.5140 (estimate) |
Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
Risk Codes | 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | DE8380000 |
biological activity | Purpurogallin is a natural phenol extracted from Quercus plants, which has a strong Xanthine Oxidase. Inhibitory activity, its IC50 is 0.2 M. Purpurogallin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. |
Target | IC50: 0.2 µm (xanthine oxidase) |
Cell Line: | BV2 murine microglial cells BV2 murine microglial cells |
Concentration: | 50 or 100 µM 100 µM |
Incubation Time: | 7 or 25 hours 75 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes |
Result: | Attenuated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by suppressing their mRNA and protein expression. Suppressed the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Dose-dependently reduced HMGB1 protein expression. High dose reduced TNF-α and HMGB1 mRNA levels. |
Animal Model: | Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 g) with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) |
Dosage: | 100 μg/kg, 200 μg/kg, 400 μg/kg |
Administration: | Intraperitoneal injection; for 48 or 72 hours |