Name | Nitrobenzene |
Synonyms | NCI-C60082 Nitrobenzen nitro-benzen Nitrobenzene Nitrobenzeen Benzene,nitro- Oil of Myrbane Oil of Myrbane- essenceofmirbane Essence of Mirbane |
CAS | 98-95-3 |
EINECS | 202-716-0 |
InChI | InChI=1/C6H5NO2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H |
Molecular Formula | C6H5NO2 |
Molar Mass | 123.11 |
Density | 1.196 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
Melting Point | 5-6 °C (lit.) |
Boling Point | 210-211 °C (lit.) |
Flash Point | 190°F |
Water Solubility | slightly soluble |
Solubility | 1.90g/l |
Vapor Presure | 0.15 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
Vapor Density | 4.2 (vs air) |
Appearance | Liquid |
Color | Clear yellow |
Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA 1 ppm (~5 mg/m3) (ACGIH,MSHA, and OSHA); IDLH 200 ppm(NIOSH). |
Merck | 14,6588 |
BRN | 507540 |
pKa | 3.98(at 0℃) |
PH | 8.1 (1g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents, strong bases. Flammable. Note wide explosion limits. |
Explosive Limit | 1.8-40%(V) |
Refractive Index | n20/D 1.551(lit.) |
Physical and Chemical Properties | The pure product is colorless to light yellow oily liquid. melting point 5.85 ℃ boiling point 210.9 ℃ relative density 1.2037 refractive index 1.55296 flash point 88 ℃ soluble in ethanol, ether and benzene, slightly soluble in water. The Pure product is a colorless to pale yellow oily liquid. Soluble in ethanol, ether and benzene, water-soluble. |
Use | Nitrobenzene is an important organic intermediate thereof. Nitrobenzene was sulfonated with sulfur trioxide to obtain m-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid. It can be used as a dye intermediate, mild oxidant and anti-dye salt s. Nitrobenzene was sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid to obtain m-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride, which was used as intermediate of dye, medicine and so on. Nitrobenzene is chlorinated to M-nitrochlorobenzene, which is widely used in the production of dyes and pesticides. After reduction, M-chloroaniline can be obtained. Used as a dye orange GC, is also a pharmaceutical, pesticide, fluorescent whitening agent, organic pigment intermediates. Nitrobenzene re-nitration can be m-dinitrobenzene, by reduction can be m-phenylenediamine, used as dye intermediates, epoxy resin curing agent, petroleum additives, Cement accelerator, M-dinitrobenzene such as sodium sulfide for part also principle to M-nitroaniline. For the dye orange base R, is an intermediate of azo dyes and organic pigments. |
Risk Codes | R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R40 - Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect R48/23/24 - R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R62 - Possible risk of impaired fertility R39/23/24/25 - R11 - Highly Flammable R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R60 - May impair fertility R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R48/23/24/25 - R36 - Irritating to the eyes R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. |
Safety Description | S28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S28A - S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S7 - Keep container tightly closed. S27 - Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
UN IDs | UN 1662 6.1/PG 2 |
WGK Germany | 2 |
RTECS | DA6475000 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 29042010 |
Hazard Class | 6.1 |
Packing Group | II |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 600 mg/kg (PB91-108398) |
The NEAT was a colorless to pale yellow oily liquid. The relative density was 1. 2037. Melting point 5.85 °c. Boiling point 210.9 °c. Flash point 88 degrees Celsius. Spontaneous ignition point 482. Refractive index 55296. Flammable. Soluble in ethanol, ether and benzene, water-soluble.
first, nitric acid and sulfuric acid are mixed into mixed acid, and benzene is continuously nitrated at a certain temperature, and the reaction product is separated, neutralized with dilute alkali, washed with water, and separated to obtain crude nitrobenzene, the finished product was obtained after rectification.
basic organic chemical raw materials. Can be used to produce a variety of pharmaceutical and dye intermediates such as aniline, M-aminobenzene sulfonic acid, dinitrobenzene and so on. It can also be used as an organic solvent, and sometimes used as a weak oxidant in organic reactions. Such as the production of triaryl methane dyes.