Molecular Formula | HNO3 |
Molar Mass | 63.01 |
Density | 1.41g/mLat 20°C |
Melting Point | -42 °C |
Boling Point | 120.5°C(lit.) |
Flash Point | 120.5°C |
Water Solubility | >100 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
Solubility | Miscible with water. |
Vapor Presure | 8 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
Vapor Density | 1 (vs air) |
Appearance | Liquid, Double Sub-Boiling Quartz Distillation |
Specific Gravity | d 20/4 1.4826 |
Color | colorless to deep yellow |
Odor | Suffocating fumes detectable at <5.0 ppm |
Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) (ACGIH,MSHA, OSHA, and NIOSH); STEL 4 ppm(~10 mg/m3) (ACGIH). |
Merck | 14,6577 |
pKa | -1.3(at 25℃) |
PH | 3.01(1 mM solution);2.04(10 mM solution);1.08(100 mM solution); |
Storage Condition | Store at +2°C to +25°C. |
Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Pure nitric acid is a colorless liquid. Generally with slightly yellow. Fuming nitric acid is a red-brown liquid that causes heavy smoke in the air and absorbs water. |
Use | Basic chemical raw materials for the production of ammonium nitrate and phosphate nitrate |
Risk Codes | R8 - Contact with combustible material may cause fire R35 - Causes severe burns R34 - Causes burns R20 - Harmful by inhalation R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes R37/38 - Irritating to respiratory system and skin. R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R26/27 - |
Safety Description | S23 - Do not breathe vapour. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S39 - Wear eye / face protection. S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. |
UN IDs | UN 3264 8/PG 3 |
WGK Germany | 1 |
RTECS | QU5900000 |
FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 8 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 2808 00 00 |
Hazard Class | 8 |
Packing Group | II |
Toxicity | LC50 inhal (rat) 2500 ppm (1 h) PEL (OSHA) 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) TLV-TWA (ACGIH) 2 ppm (5.2 mg/m3) STEL (ACGIH) 4 ppm (10 mg/m3) |
A colorless or yellow fuming liquid with a asphyxiating odor. In the air to form a yellow to brown-red mist of gas. It can be freely miscible with water. Relative density L 503 l melting point -42 ℃, boiling point 83 ℃. Nitric acid is unstable, when light or heat will decompose and release nitrogen dioxide, which appears light yellow. Concentrated nitric acid is a strong oxidant, in case of organic matter, wood, etc. can cause combustion. Concentrated nitric acid containing trace oxides can react with almost all metals except aluminum and chromium-containing special steels, which can be passivated by concentrated nitric acid. The reaction with ethanol, turpentine, Coke, organic debris is very intense.
with platinum as a catalyst, ammonia is oxidized to nitric oxide, and then air and concentrated nitric acid are all oxidized to ammonia dioxide, and then absorbed with concentrated nitric acid to generate fuming nitric acid, which is then desorbed.
nitric acid is a strong oxidizing acid and has a corrosive effect on most metals. High concentration of nitric acid has a passivation effect on metals. Nitric acid is used to clean carbon steel, stainless steel, copper, brass, carbon steel a stainless steel equipment, can remove scale, rust, a-Fez 03 and magnetic Fe3 04 has a good dissolution force. In the process of biological wastewater treatment, it can be used as a nitrogen source in microbial nutrients. In addition, nitric acid is widely used in the manufacture of chemical fertilizers, chemical fibers, pharmaceuticals, dyes, rubber, etc., in the national defense industry, metallurgical industry, printing and dyeing industry and other industrial sectors, it is also an indispensable and important analytical chemical reagent.
nitric acid is toxic, Burns and erodes the mouth, esophagus and stomach, causing chest tenderness, Shock and death. Prolonged exposure to nitric acid vapor, can cause chronic bronchitis, chemical Pneumonia. Therefore, in the contact and use of nitric acid should be protected from nitric acid or its vapor into the body. The maximum allowable concentration of nitric acid in air is 5 mg/ml. It shall not be stored and mixed with organic matter, oxidant, combustible material, strong alkali, calcium carbide, metal powder, etc.