Name | Penoxsulam |
Synonyms | de-638 Granite PENOXSULAM Penoxsulan Penoxsulam Penoxsulam OD Penoxsulam [ISO] Penoxsulam Solution, 1000ppm 3-(2,2-Difluoroethoxy)-N-(5,8-dimethoxy[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidin-2-yl)-α,α,α-trifluorotoluene-2-sulfonamide 2-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-N-(5,8-diMethoxy[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyriMidin-2-yl)-6-(trifluoroMethyl)benzenesulfonaMide 2-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-N-(5,8-dimethoxy[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidin-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide Benzenesulfonamide, 2-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-N-(5,8-dimethoxy(1,2,4)triazolo(1,5-c)pyrimidin-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)- |
CAS | 219714-96-2 |
EINECS | 606-869-8 |
InChI | InChI=1/C16H14F5N5O5S/c1-29-10-6-22-15(30-2)26-13(10)23-14(24-26)25-32(27,28)12-8(16(19,20)21)4-3-5-9(12)31-7-11(17)18/h3-6,11H,7H2,1-2H3,(H,24,25) |
InChIKey | SYJGKVOENHZYMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C16H14F5N5O5S |
Molar Mass | 483.37 |
Density | 1.65±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted) |
Melting Point | 223-224° |
Appearance | neat |
BRN | 10301178 |
pKa | 5.1(at 25℃) |
Storage Condition | 0-6°C |
Refractive Index | 1.588 |
Physical and Chemical Properties | The original drug is light brown solid, the relative density of 1.61g/mL(20 degrees C). Melting Point 212 °c, vapor pressure 2.49 x 10-14pa (20 °c),9.55 x 10-14pa (25 °c). Solubility (mg/L,19 °c): Water 5.7(pH 5), 410(pH 7), 1460(pH 9). Stable in pH5-9 water. |
Hazard Symbols | N - Dangerous for the environment |
Risk Codes | 50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
Safety Description | 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. |
UN IDs | UN 3077 9 / PGIII |
WGK Germany | 3 |
Toxicity | LD50 (mg/kg): >5000 orally in rats; >5000 dermally in rabbits; LC50 (8 day) in bobwhite quail, mallard duck (ppm): >4411, >4310; LC50 (96 hr) in rainbow trout, bluegill sunfish, common carp (mg/l): >102, >103, >101 (Larelle) |
EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
herbicide for paddy fields | pentafluorosulfamethoxamine is a new generation of herbicide for paddy fields developed by Dow Yinong Company in the United States. It is effective by inhibiting ethylphthalein lactic acid synthase (ALS). It is mainly used to control weeds in paddy fields. It is currently the most widely used herbicide in paddy fields, it can effectively control barnyard grass (including barnyard grass that is resistant to paspalum, quinclorac and acetyl-CoA carboxylase), annual Cyperaceae weeds, and is effective against many broad-leaved weeds, such as marsh isophyllum (Heteranthera limosa), carp intestines (Eclipta prostrata), Sesame (Sesbania exaltata), slub (Commelina diffusa), and duck tongue grass (Monochoria vaginalis). The duration is as long as 30~60 days, and one medication can basically control the damage of weeds in the whole season. At the same time, it can also control bensulfuron-methyl-resistant weeds in rice fields, and has residual activity against many broad-leaved and Cyperaceae weeds and barnyard grass, but it is ineffective against Qianjin weeds. If it needs to be controlled, it can be mixed with cyanofofest. Figure 1 is the structural formula of pentafluorosulfa. |
Sulfonamide herbicides | Pentafluorosulfamethoxamine is a sulfonamide herbicide, which is similar to sulfonylurea herbicides. Sulfonamide herbicides are also typical Acetolactate synthase inhibitors. Targeting ALS, they are mixed inhibitors involving pyruvate and thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), competing for the binding site of the enzyme, but not for the matrix or cofactors. Sulfonamide herbicides are a new class of acetolactate synthase inhibitors developed by Dow Yinong Company in the United States. Its main structural form is triazolopyrimidinesulfonamide. There are currently 6 varieties, all of which are dry field herbicides, including oxifolamine, methoxysulfuramine, chlorosolamine, dichlorosulfuramine, and difluorosolamine and penoxolamine. Zazimuron is safe for soybean, corn, wheat, barley, pea, alfalfa, clover, etc., and has no adverse effect on subsequent crops. Methodoxamine is used to control most of the main broad-leaved weeds in wheat, barley, and rye fields after seedlings. It can be used before and after seedlings to control most of the main broad-leaved weeds in corn fields. Chloroester sulfonamide is mainly used to prevent and remove broadleaf weeds before and after seedling in soybean fields, and has special effects on Xanthium sibiricum, ragweed, trifid leaf ragweed, sweet potato and Abutilon. Dichlorosulfamethoxamine is a soybean field herbicide. Bifolamide is mainly used to control broad-leaved weeds in winter wheat fields after seedlings. Pentafosulforamine is a recently reported herbicide, which is mainly used to control weeds in rice fields. |
toxicity | acute oral LD50>5000mg/kg for rats, acute percutaneous LD50>5000mg/kg for rabbits, acute inhalation of LC50(4h)>3.5mg/L for rats, and extremely slight irritation to eyes and skin. Figure 2 below is the daily feeding dose of subacute toxicity and acute toxicity without obvious effect of the agent. Moreover, pentafluorosulfamethoxamine is very safe for fish. fig. 2 shows the daily intake dose of pentafluorosamine |
How to use | Pentafluoresomethylamine is a broad-spectrum herbicide for rice fields, which can effectively control barnyard grass (including barnyard grass (including barnyard grass resistant to diphtherin, dichloropyrene acid and anti-ethylphthalide coenzyme A shuttle enzyme), thousand gold and annual Cyperaceae weeds, and effective against many broad-leaved weeds, such as marsh green stem flower, carp intestine, field, bamboo flower, duck tongue grass, etc. At the same time, it can also control the anti-clonsulfuron weeds in rice fields, and has residual activity against many broad-leaved and Cyperaceae weeds and barnyard grass. It is currently the most widely used herbicides in rice fields. Penfenosulfamethoxamine is a conducting herbicide, which is absorbed by stems, leaves, buds and roots, and is conducted to meristem through xylem and phloem, which inhibits plant growth and causes growth points to lose green. After treatment, 7-14 days, the buds turn red and necrotic, and the plants die in 2-4 weeks. This agent is a strong ethylphthalide lactic acid synthase inhibitor, and the drug effect is slow, and it takes a certain period of time for weeds to gradually die. Pentafluoresomethylamine is suitable for dry direct seeding fields, water direct seeding fields, seedling fields, and seedling throwing and transplanting cultivation fields of rice. The dosage is 15-30g (active ingredient)/hm2. In the dry direct seeding field, the water direct seeding seedlings are applied in the early stage after seedling; the planting cultivation is applied 5-7d after transplanting. The application method can be sprayed or mixed with soil. pentafluorosulfamethoxamine is very safe for rice. in 2005 and 2006, 10 rice varieties were sprayed at a dose of 70g (active ingredient)/hm2 at 2-3 leaf stage in the United States. as a result, there was no significant difference in rice plant height, heading stage and yield, which indicated that all varieties had strong tolerance. When the ultra-high dose, the early stage has a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of rice roots, but the rapid recovery does not affect the yield. |
degradation and disappearance | pentafluorosulfamethoxamine can be rapidly adsorbed by soil. Leaching was weak in the soils of most paddy fields. Its adsorption capacity in clayey soil and soil with high organic matter is higher than that in light soil and soil with low organic matter content. In soil with pH>8.0, it has the risk of aggravating drug damage. The agent is easy to migrate in the soil and is not retained for a long time. Due to the low saturated vapor pressure of the agent, it is not easy to evaporate from water; in the irrigated rice field, the half-life of the agent is 2-13d; photolysis and microbial degradation are the main ways of disappearance of pentafluorosulfuramine. It can resist hydrolysis in water, but it can disappear quickly after photolysis in shallow water. The photolysis of the aqueous solution is divided into three ways: sulfonylphthalamide bridge cracking, three wacha steep and its substituents gradually degrade, sulfonylphthalide photooxidation. This photolysis product can remain for a long time. In paddy soil, anaerobic microbial degradation is an important process for the disappearance of agents, and its disappearance rate is as rapid as photolysis. |
Production method | Production method: Using methyl 2-methoxyacetate as the starting material, it reacts with methyl formate and sodium methoxide to obtain 3-hydroxy-2-methoxyacrylate The sodium salt of methyl ester, then react with methyl isothiourea to obtain 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxypyrimidine, and then chlorinated with phosphorus oxychloride to obtain 4-chloro-2, 5-dimethoxypyrimidine, which is then reacted with hydrazine hydrate to obtain 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydrazinopyrimidine, and cyclized with cyanide bromide to obtain 3-amino -5, 8-dimethoxy [1,2,4] triazolo [4,3-c] pyrimidine, and then reacted with sodium methoxide to obtain intermediate 2-amino -5, 8-dimethoxy [1,2,4]-triazolo [1,5-c]-pyrimidine, reacts with 2-fluoro-6-trifluoromethyl benzenesulfonyl chloride to obtain the intermediate 2-fluoro-6-trifluoromethyl-N-(5, 8-dimethoxy-[1,2,4] triazolo [1,5-c] pyrimidin-2-yl) benzenesulfonamide, which is condensed with 2, 2-difluoroethanol to obtain pentafluorosulfuramide. The synthesis of the intermediate 2-fluoro-6-trifluoromethylbenzenesulfonyl chloride is based on 2-fluoro-6-trifluoromethylaniline as the starting material, which is reacted with sodium nitrite, cuprous chloride and sulfur dioxide Get. |
toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |